首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Chimpanzee Behaviours Species We can find Pan or Pan Troglody
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Chimpanzee Behaviours Species We can find Pan or Pan Troglody
admin
2015-11-09
61
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Chimpanzee Behaviours
Species
We can find Pan or Pan Troglodytes in West and Central Africa.
The Bonobo or Pan Paniscus are found in Democratic Republic of Congo.
Current research
rule out 【L31】______and biological factors
learn through 【L32】______of other chimps’ behaviour
Discoveries
The book The Third Chimpanzee by James Diamond discusses some physical features of chimpanzees.
The discovery reported by Jane Goodall suggests that chimpanzees know how to use 【L33】______
Chimpanzees in Senegal
use spears sharpened with their teeth
can 【L34】______the shell of a coconut
use a 【L35】______hammer to crash nuts
are capable of learning 【L36】______and understanding human language
Sub-species
Bonobos live on the other side of a 【L37】______
Both of them are reducing alarmingly in population 【L38】______
【L32】
Welcome back to my series of short lectures on apes. Today we will examine recent and historical breakthroughs on the behaviour of chimpanzees, otherwise known as chimps.
The word ’chimpanzee’ is an umbrella term for two different species of apes in the genus Pan, which are the Common Chimpanzee, or Pan Troglodytes, found in West and Central Africa, and the Bonobo, or Pan Paniscus, which are found in the forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Chimpanzees belong to the Hominidae family, together with gorillas, orangutans and indeed humans. Current research tells us that the chimps broke away from the human branch of the Hominidae family approximately six million years ago, and remain the closest living relative to humans to this day. More modern researches into chimpanzees have centred on their behavioural characteristics, once all biological and genetic factors have been ruled out. In this way, scientists have unearthed an unfathomable amount of similarities between human and chimpanzee behaviour. Although much of this research has taken place through observation of captive chimps, the results are widely seen as an authoritative reflection of chimps living in the wild. Chimps live in large so-called communities comprised of many male and female members, with the social hierarchy determined by an individual chimp’s position and influence. Through such research, scientists have found that chimps learn and adapt through observation of others’ behaviour. Once in power, the alpha male is often seen to alter its body language in order to retain power, for example he might puff himself up in order to intimidate others, while lower-ranking chimps are noted to behave more submissively and holding out their hands while grunting. Female chimpanzees also have a distinct social hierarchy, with high social standing inherited by children. It is not unheard of for dominant females within a community to unite and overthrow the alpha male, backing another in his place.
James Diamond, in his book The Third Chimpanzee suggests that chimps should now be reclassified in the genus Homo, instead of Pan, and there are many arguments still in favour of this. Male common chimpanzees are on average 1.7 metres in height, weighing 70kg, with their female counterparts being somewhat smaller. By comparison, the Bonobo is slightly shorter and lighter, but with longer arms and legs; however, both species walk on all fours, and climb trees with great ease. Jane Goodall made a groundbreaking discovery in 1960, when she observed the use of tools among chimpanzees, including digging for termites with large sticks. A recent study claimed to reveal that common chimpanzees in Senegal have been using spears sharpened with their teeth to hunt; however these reports remain unsubstantiated. Researchers have witnessed such tools, namely rocks, being used by chimps to open coconut shells and indeed crushing nuts with stone hammers. As scientific technology has developed, so too has our knowledge of the sheer extent of the chimp’s intelligence. Research has now shown that chimps have the capability to learn and use symbols, and understand aspects of the human language, including syntax as well as numerical sequences.
As I mentioned earlier, the umbrella term ’chimpanzee’ is comprised of the common chimpanzee and the bonobo. These two sub-species are divided along the Congo River, with the common chimps living on one side, and the bonobos living on the opposite side of the river. Over the past few decades, both of these sub-species have witnessed an alarming decrease in population density, with animal activists now working harder than ever to protect those remaining and encourage procreation.
In addition, next week’s episode will focus more closely on how chimpanzees in captivity are able to learn things through imitating the behaviour of humans, as well as how chimpanzees’ behaviours have developed over many generations.
Thank you very much for attending this evening’s lecture. I hope you found it intellectually stimulating, and I look forward to seeing you again next week. Goodnight!
选项
答案
observation
解析
本题较容易,原文跟题目表达基本一致,定位至“Through such research,scientistshave found that chimps learn and adapt through observation of others’behaviour”,故填observation。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/1b8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Doyouthinkhistorymattersinacountry’sfuturedevelopment?
What’sthemostimportantfactorforatouristattraction?
Somepeoplesaymenandwomenshouldgetthesamesalaryforthesamejob?What’syouropinion?
WRITINGTASK2Youshouldspendabout40minutesonthistask.Writeaboutthefollowingtopic:Increasedmeasuresh
Writeaboutthefollowingtopic:Inordertolearnalanguagewell,weshouldlearnaboutthecountryaswellasthecultures
Youshouldspendnomorethan40minutesonthistask.Aspartofaclassassignmentyouhavetowriteaboutthefollowingtopic
Youhavehadanaccidentandareinhospital.Writealettertoyourcollegeadministration.Inyouletterexplainwhyy
Youareatenantandhaveunintentionallydamagedsomethingthatisthepropertyofthelandlord.Writealettertotheland
Havingfinishedyourfinalexams,youhavegonestraighthomewithoutsayinggoodbyetoyourroommate.Writealettertohim
随机试题
下列哪些疾病与化生有关
乙驾车带甲去海边游玩。到达后,乙欲游泳。甲骗乙说:“我在车里休息,把车钥匙给我。”趁乙游泳,甲将该车开往外地卖给他人。甲构成何罪?
可以领用增值税专用发票的纳税人有()。
关于技术性失业的说法,错误的是()。
构成综合课的基本组成部分有()和巩固新教材、布置课外作业。
小龙是一年级的学生,一直由奶奶带着长大。小龙的母亲在他3岁时被车祸夺去了生命,父亲张先生爱子心切,始终没有再娶,但是脾气变得越来越坏,对小龙的教育方式以简单粗暴为主。有一天,小龙在学校和同学李逸发生争执,小龙将李逸的牙齿打掉了几颗,李逸当场鲜血直流,学校班
存储一个48×48点的汉字字形码需要的字节数是()。
Weconsumealotmorethanweareabletoproduce.
LaborForceThelaborforceisthepartofanation’spopulationthatworksforpayorthatislookingforapayingjob.In
A、Herson’sschool.B、Herson’scharacter.C、Herson’scomputer.D、Herson’sgrades.D细节推断题。女士提到她儿子的老师打来电话,说她的儿子在学校不能完成作业,而且成绩在下
最新回复
(
0
)