首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The high unemployment rates of the early 1960s occasioned a spirited debate with in the economics profession. One group found th
The high unemployment rates of the early 1960s occasioned a spirited debate with in the economics profession. One group found th
admin
2013-01-29
29
问题
The high unemployment rates of the early 1960s occasioned a spirited debate with in the economics profession. One group found the primary cause of unemployment in slow growth and the solution in economic expansion. The other found the major explanation in changes that had occurred in the supply and demand for labor and stressed measures for matching demand with supply.
The expansionist school of thought, with the Council of Economic Advisers as its leading advocates, attributed the persistently high unemployment level to a slow rate of economic growth resulting from a deficiency of aggregate demand for goods and services. The majority of this school endorsed the position of the Council that tax reduction would eventually reduce the unemployment level to 4% of the labor force with no other assistance. At 4%, bottlenecks in skilled labor, middle-level manpower, and professional personnel were expected to retard growth and generate wage-price pressures. To go beyond 4%, the interim goal of the Council, it was recognized that improved education, training and retraining, and other structural measures would be required. Some expansionists insisted that the demand for goods and services was nearly satiated’ and that it was impossible for the private sector to absorb a significant increase in output. In their estimate, only the lower-income fifth of the population and the public sector offered sufficient outlets for the productive efforts of the potential labor force. The fact that the needs of the poor and the many unmet demands for public services held higher priority than the demands of the marketplace in the value structure of this group no doubt influenced their economic judgments.
Those who found the major cause of unemployment in structural features were primarily labor economists, concerned professionally with efficient functioning of labor markets through programs to develop skills and place individual workers. They maintained that increased aggregate demand was a necessary but not sufficient condition for reaching either the CEA’s 4% target or their own preferred 3%. This pessimism was based in part on the conclusion that unemployment among the young, the unskilled, minority groups, and depressed geographical areas is not easily attacked by increasing general demand. Further, their estimate of the numbers of potential members of the labor force who had withdrawn or not entered because of lack of employment opportunity was substantially higher than that of the CEA. They also projected that increased demand would put added pressure on skills already in short supply rather than employ the unemployed, and that because of technological change, which was replacing manpower, much higher levels of demand would be necessary to create the same number of jobs.
The structural school, too, had its hyperenthusiasts: Fiscal conservatives who, as an alternative to expansionary policies, argued the not very plausible position that a job was available for every person, provided only that he or she had the requisite skills or would relocate. Such extremist positions aside, there was actually considerable agreement between two main groups, though this was not recognized at the time. Both realized the advisability of a tax cut to increase demand, and both needed to reduce unemployment below a point around 4%. In either case, the policy implications differed in emphasis and not in content.
The author’s treatment of the "hyperenthusiasts" can best be described as one of
选项
A、tolerance
B、appreciation
C、dismissal
D、sarcasm
答案
D
解析
推断题。各项的意思是:tolerance容忍;appreciation赞扬;dismissal不予理会;sarcasm嘲讽。根据文章内容可知,对于财政保守派一方面认为可以增加就业机会,但落实不到实处的状态,作者对此是讽刺的,所以选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/1e1O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Chinaisintheprocessofbuildingasocialistharmonioussociety(社会主义和谐社会)forthetimebeing.Writeacompositionofnoless
Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull_____.
AnewlookatanasteroidorbitingthesunshowsitcouldpossiblysmashintotheEarthwithtremendousforce.Butexpertssay
Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequitesimply______everycheatinthemarketplace.
Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearlydevelopmentofstatisticalmethods.Statisticshadamotherwhowasdedi
71.ThemainimpressiongrowingoutoftwelveyearsonthefacultyofmedicalschoolisthattheNo.1healthproblemintheU.S.
Ifourworkinglivesweremore"local"towherewehadbeenbornandgrownup,familymemberswereabletorelyoneachotherfo
Someworkersinthenuclearpowerstationwereexposedtohighlevelsof______.
Thefuture______ofthebaldeagleisstillanimportantAmericanecologicalconcern.
KevinRogersusedtobemyboss.Atthattimehewasahardworking,up-and-comingbusinessmanandarealslave-driver,alwayst
随机试题
和平共处五项原则的本质是()。
特性曲线的组成部分,不包括
流行性腮腺炎可出现腮腺管开口处黏膜红肿,其部位在
消防工程的验收应由()组织向国家相关主管机构申报。
市区某企业,当月应纳增值税5万元,补交上月未交的增值税3万元,滞纳金0.8万元,本期应纳城建税为()万元。
当你开始相信自己时,你所有的能力、资源都能够真正地起作用,所以问题的关键不在于你有没有能力,而在于你相不相信自己有能力。当能力的_________和害怕失败的恐惧撞到一起,能力就很难得到最大的发挥,因此有句话叫做“外重而内拙”,就是你越害怕,内在就变得越_
根据《法治社会建设实施纲要(2020-2025年)》,下列说法错误的是()。
设X,Y的概率分布为,且P(XY=0)=1.(1)求(X,Y)的联合分布;(2)X,Y是否独立?
下列关于无线网络HiperLAN/2协议的描述中,错误的是()
Whathascloningbypassed?
最新回复
(
0
)