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  3. Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed peopl

Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed peopl

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问题      Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.
     Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.
     These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity. For in- stance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.
What is the passage mainly about?
选项 A、Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.
B、Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.
C、The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.
D、The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.
答案A
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尽管文章谈到了大都市居民与小城镇居民的一些不同之处。但总体是以城市中人际关系的特点为主。特别是第三段第一句：这些发现并不表示城市生活有很少的或没有差别。这从反面说明本文的主旨是论述大都市居民与小城镇居民的人际关系的相似之处。故选项A是正确答案。
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