2. 外语
  3. Since the late 1930’s the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States has been working to promote native language literacy amo

Since the late 1930’s the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States has been working to promote native language literacy amo

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问题     Since the late 1930’s the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States has been working to promote native language literacy among Indians. Indians were to be taught to read and write in their native language before being taught English. Studies in many cultures around the world demonstrate that children learn to read best in their mother tongue. Bilingual reading books and other educational materials were prepared in Navaho, Hopi, Siouan, Pueblo, and Papago languages. The difficulties were tremendous because many American Indian languages are distinctively different in structure from all other languages in the world. They do not have "words" in the sense that other languages do—as independent meaningful sound sequences that combine into "sentences". Their "sentences" are made by combining prefixes, infixes, and suffixes into what looks like one long word but is essentially the equivalent of our sentence. It is impossible, in other words, to make an Indian utterance that is not a sentence. In our sense, Indian languages do not have parts of speech, conjugations etc. The sentence is the smallest structure available to speakers of the language. Therefore bridging the translation gap between English and such language is a massive feat.
    In most cases, Indian children need to be bilingual though not necessarily be literate. That is, they need to speak their native language to participate fully in their home and tribal affairs. But, they do not need to read and write that language. On the other hand, they also need a reading, writing, and speaking knowledge of English, not only to get their due in this country but, ironically, also to preserve their heritage.
Indian bilingual textbooks were difficult to write because______.
选项 A、there were few qualified bilingual writers
B、there are so many differences among the Indian languages
C、Indian languages are essentially different in structure from English
D、Indians were not interested in learning English
答案C
解析 这是一道综合判断题。文中第一段第五句说：“因为许多美国的印第安语在结构上与世界上所有其他语言存在着明显的差异，所以说这种困难是巨大的。”由上句可知，这种困难是指为印第安人准备的双语课本。由此我们可知，C“印第安语在结构上与英语有着实质上的不同”符合文中内容。
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