首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Global Language I. WHAT? Learned and spoken internationally 【T1】______:【T1】______ - the number of native and second lang
Global Language I. WHAT? Learned and spoken internationally 【T1】______:【T1】______ - the number of native and second lang
admin
2017-12-07
68
问题
Global Language
I. WHAT?
Learned and spoken internationally
【T1】______:【T1】______
- the number of native and second language speakers
-【T2】_____ distribution【T2】______
- the use in international organizations and in【T3】_____【T3】______
Lingua franca: spoken by those who wield power
e.g.【T4】_____ in the Roman Empire【T4】______
A global language
- the political power of its native speakers
- the economic power to maintain and expand its position
II. WHY?
The modern global village
Modern【T5】_____【T5】______
Globalized trade
【T6】_____【T6】______
The emergence of large international bodies
III. GOOD OR NOT?
Global language vs. minority languages
- A direct threat in areas where the global language
is the【T7】_____ language【T7】______
- Galvanize and strengthen movements to support and protect
minority languages e.g. Welsh in Wales,【T8】_____【T8】______
Natural speakers of the global language may be at an unfair advantage
over【T9】_____ speakers【T9】______
The exclusion of other languages may be a threat to
the ideas of【T10】_____【T10】______
Linguistic complacency
IV. ENGLISH?
The most widely spoken language in the fields of
a)business
b)academics
c)education
d)politics
e)science
f)【T11】_____, etc.【T11】______
- The UN
- 85% of international organizations: one of official languages
-【T12】_____ of international organizations: English only【T12】______
-【T13】_____ among Asian: English only【T13】______
Reasons
- Initiation: British【T14】_____ and industrial power【T14】______
between the 17th and 20th Centuries
- Consolidation: American dominance in economy and【T15】_____【T15】______
【T1】
Global Language
Good morning, everyone. Today, we are going to discuss the status of global language. Particularly, I will address four questions. What is a global language? Why is a global language needed? Is a global language necessarily a good thing? And is English a global language?
First of all, what is a global language? There is no official definition of "global" or "world" language, but it essentially refers to a language that is learned and spoken internationally,[1]and is characterized not only by the number of its native and second language speakers,[2]but also by its geographical distribution,[3]and its use in international organizations and in diplomatic relations. A global language acts as a lingua franca, a common language that enables people from diverse backgrounds and ethnicities to communicate on a more or less equitable basis. Historically, the essential factor for the establishment of a global language is that it is spoken by those who wield power.[4]Latin was the lingua franca of its time, although it was only ever a minority language within the Roman Empire as a whole. Crucially, though, it was the language of the powerful leaders and administrators and of the Roman military and this is what drove its rise to arguably global language status. Thus, language can be said to have no independent existence of its own, and a particular language only dominates when its speakers dominate and, by extension, fails when the people who speak it fail. History shows us that a language becomes a global language mainly due to the political power of its native speakers, and the economic power with which it is able to maintain and expand its position.
Secondly, why is a global language needed?[5]It is often argued that the modern global village needs a global language and that, particularly in a world of modern communications,[6]globalized trade and easy international travel, a single lingua franca has never been more important With the advent of large international bodies such as the United Nations and its various offshoots as well as collective organizations such as the Commonwealth and the European Union, the pressure to establish a worldwide lingua franca has never been greater. As just one example of why a lingua franca is useful, consider that up to one-third of the administration costs of the European Community are taken up by translations into the various member languages.
Thirdly, is a global language necessarily a good thing? While its advantages are self-evident, there are some legitimate concerns that a dominant global language could also have some built-in drawbacks. Among these may be the following:
Number one, there is a risk that the increased adoption of a global language may lead to the weakening and eventually the disappearance of some minority languages. It is estimated that up to 80% of the world’s 6,000 or so living languages may die out within the next century, and some commentators believe that a too-dominant global language may be a major contributing factor in this trend.[7]However, it seems likely that this is really only a direct threat in areas where the global language is the natural first language. Conversely, there is also some evidence that the very threat of subjugation by a dominant language can actually galvanize and strengthen movements to support[8]and protect minority languages e.g. Welsh in Wales, French in Canada
Number two,[9]there is concern that natural speakers of the global language may be at an unfair advantage over those who are operating in their second, or even third, language.
Number three,[10]the insistence on one language to the exclusion of others may also be seen as a threat to the ideas of multiculturalism.
Number four, another potential pitfall is linguistic complacency on the part of natural speakers of a global language, a laziness and arrogance resulting from the lack of motivation to learn other languages. Arguably, this can already be observed in many Britons and Americans.
Finally, is English a global language? As can be seen in more detail in the section on English today, on almost any basis, English is the nearest thing there has ever been to a global language. Its worldwide reach is much greater than anything achieved historically by Latin or French, and there has never been a language as widely spoken as English.[11]Many would reasonably claim that, in the fields of business, academics, science, computing, education, transportation, politics and entertainment, English is already established as the de facto lingua franca. The UN, the nearest thing we have, or have ever had, to a global community, currently uses five official languages: English, French, Spanish, Russian and Chinese, and an estimated 85% of international organizations have English as at least one of their official languages.[12]Even more starkly, though, about one third of international organizations use English only,[13]and this figure rises to almost 90% among Asian international organizations. As we have seen, a global language arises mainly due to the political and economic power of its native speakers.[14]It was British imperial and industrial power that sent English around the globe between the 17th and 20th Centuries. The legacy of British imperialism has left many countries with the language thoroughly institutionalized in their courts, parliament, civil service, schools and higher education establishments. In other countries, English provides a neutral means of communication between different ethnic groups.[15]But it has been largely American economic and cultural supremacy that has consolidated the position of the English language and continues to maintain it today. American dominance and influence worldwide makes English crucially important for developing international markets, especially in the areas of tourism and advertising, and mastery of English also provides access to scientific, technological and academic resources which would otherwise be denied developing countries.
OK. I have given you a brief account of the definition of global language, the necessity and drawbacks of having a global language and finally English status in the global communication. Next time, we shall examine the role of English plays in the cultural communication.
选项
答案
Characteristics
解析
本题要求考生概括原文信息。录音提到全球性语言的三个特点,用的是be characterized by结构。因此本题填入各词形式Characteristics。注意首字母大写。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/1usK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Bodylanguageisnotlanguageinthestrictsenseofthewordlanguage:itisinfact,abroadtermforformsofcommunication
PoetryNowadays,weliterarycriticsaresaidtotalklittleaboutactualliterature.Today,Ireallywanttofocusonpoet
PoetryNowadays,weliterarycriticsaresaidtotalklittleaboutactualliterature.Today,Ireallywanttofocusonpoet
PoetryNowadays,weliterarycriticsaresaidtotalklittleaboutactualliterature.Today,Ireallywanttofocusonpoet
PoetryNowadays,weliterarycriticsaresaidtotalklittleaboutactualliterature.Today,Ireallywanttofocusonpoet
PoetryNowadays,weliterarycriticsaresaidtotalklittleaboutactualliterature.Today,Ireallywanttofocusonpoet
Whileattendingahighereducationsystemoffersmanypositives,italsoofferscertainnegatives.Onenegativeisthefacthigh
Inthelatterpartofthelastcenturytherelivedamanofscience,aneminentproficientineverybranchofnaturalphilosophy
Inthelatterpartofthelastcenturytherelivedamanofscience,aneminentproficientineverybranchofnaturalphilosophy
随机试题
在文字产生之前人们为了帮助记忆、交流思想、传递信息,采用的最原始的记录方法是图画记事。()
下列货币资金监控与核算办法设计的特点中,能给货币资金监控与核算办法创造一个有利条件的是
患者男,15岁。因贫血、黄疸5年来诊。其父亦有轻度贫血及黄疸。查体:脾肋下2.5cm。检测白细胞和血小板数正常,Hb75g/L,网织红细胞0.06;骨髓检查示增生明显活跃,以红系增生为主;红细胞渗透脆性试验:在0.70%盐水溶液中开始溶血。完善诊断依据
根据××测绘及导航电子地图资质单位规定,导航电子地图上的高速公路和国道及周边信息每6个月更新一次,省级及以下道路及周边信息每1年更新一次,背景地图每1年更新一次。现需要对××地区导航地图进行全面更新,确定开展外业调查,对区域内家的道路、兴趣点及地名等进行采
对于滞纳关税的纳税人,海关有权进行强制执行,强制执行措施主要有()。
March26,2006Mr.SamuelBrownTruestarCorporationFinanceDepartmentManagerRe:Account#2958ADearMr.Brown,Iwantt
宋真宗赵恒御笔作“劝学篇”,有“书中自有黄金屋”流布天下几近千年。黄金榜求龙头望,成了书生实现人生价值的“自古华山一条道”。当“黄金屋”成为读书的唯一价值取向时,很容易将一个民族的思维纳入功利和实用的框架,看似加速了现代化的进程,实则开了历史的倒车。借书籍
群落之间、群落与环境之间相互关系的可见标志是______。
"Artdoesnotsolveproblems,butmakesusawareoftheirexistence,"sculptorMagdalenaAbakanowiczhassaid.Artseducation,
Dinkum’sinformedtheirworkforcelastweekthatinadesperateattempttosavejobs,theywouldmoveovertoajob-sharesystem
最新回复
(
0
)