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  3. If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before

If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before

admin2023-01-31  27
问题     If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before age 2."
    As of today, that rule has been thrown out the window.
    The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), which first issued that recommendation back in 1999, has extensively updated and revised its guidelines for children and adolescents to reflect new research and new habits.
    The new guidelines, especially for very young children, shift the focus from WHAT is on the screen to WHO else is in the room. And in doing so, they raise some intriguing points about the future of learning from media
    For babies younger than 18 months, AAP still says no screens at all are the best idea—with one notable exception: Live video chat. Surveys indicate that families already popularly believe that "Face time doesn’t count", or at least that the benefit of virtual visits with grandparents or other relatives outweighs the potential cost of exposing babies to the laptop or smartphone.
    The AAP doesn’t cite positive evidence that infants actually get something out of this kind of "conversation", the way that they clearly do from live social interaction. But there’s some observational research that infants as young as six months old are emotionally engaged by playing live peekaboo (躲猫猫游戏) with Grandma online.
    For infants and toddlers (学步儿童), ages 15 months to 2 years old, there’s limited evidence from a couple of very small studies that they can learn new words from educational media, if and only if parents are watching alongside them, repeating what the video says and/or drawing attention to what is on the screen. In other words, treating a video or an app like a picture book is the best bet.
    The flip side of this is that many studies have actually shown poorer language skills correlated with earlier solo viewing of "educational" videos. There’s also research that shows language delays in children who watch more TV and start watching earlier. In both cases, the problem seems to be media replacing interaction with people. For this reason, the new AAP guideline has changed from "avoid all screens under age 2" to "avoid solo media use in this age group."
    For preschoolers ages 2 to 5, there’s more evidence that they have the ability to transfer knowledge from screens to the real world, including early literacy and math. For this age group, AAP recommends no more than an hour a day of screen use. And, just as with younger children, they want care-givers to take part in screen time: "Co-view with your children, help children understand what they are seeing, and help them apply what they learn to the world around them."
What does the author say about preschoolers ages 2 to 5?
选项 A、They can understand pretty well what they see on the screen.
B、They can learn on their own without much parental guidance.
C、They can make use of educational videos to develop digital literacy.
D、They can relate what they learn on the screen to real life situations.
答案D
解析 根据题干中的preschoolers ages 2 to 5定位至最后一段。题目询问作者提到2到6岁学龄前儿童什么信息。最后一段第L句提到，越来越多的证据表明，2到5岁的学龄前儿童能将屏幕上的知识迁移到现实世界。D项“他们能将屏幕上学到的与现实生活情境联系起来”为该处原文的同义表述，故为答案。A项“他们可以很好理解从屏幕上看到的内容”和C项“他们可以利用教育视频来发展数字素养”属于无中生有。最后一段第3句提到，美国儿科学会希望孩子的看护人，像对待年幼的孩子那样，能参与到屏幕时间中来，由此可见，不管是婴幼儿还是学龄前儿童看视频，AAP都建议由家长陪同，B项“他们可以在没有父母指导的情况下自学”与原文表述矛盾。
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