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  3. Let’s say you’re working toward a goal. Maybe it’s to cut out junk food, budget better or stop looking at your phone so much. Ch

Let’s say you’re working toward a goal. Maybe it’s to cut out junk food, budget better or stop looking at your phone so much. Ch

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问题     Let’s say you’re working toward a goal. Maybe it’s to cut out junk food, budget better or stop looking at your phone so much. Chances are, the first thing you think to yourself is something along the lines of, "OK, I just really need to eat more vegetables/save $10,000/put down the damn phone after 8 p. m. "
    In other words, you think willpower will help you to achieve the goal. A firm determination will get you to the finish line. But what if willpower wasn’t all that you needed? In fact, what if you didn’t actually need willpower at all? As it turns out, willpower is far from positive panacea we often see it as. It doesn’t always work. And what’s more, we often run out of it sooner rather than later.
    Often interchangeable with the term " self-control," willpower can be thought of as " mental strength or energy," explained Denise Cummins, a cognitive scientist who researches decision-making and thinking. Like physical strength or energy, willpower can be built up—but it also can be depleted.
    Trying to commit to a drastic change and relying on willpower alone won’t work out, Cummins said. This helps explain why only 8% of people keep their New Year’s resolutions. That’s because we often view it as something we don’t have much of in the first place, which sets us up for failure. One 2010 study found that working adults and college students who believed that willpower was a limited resource were more likely to give into temptation under stress.
    On top of that, willpower only works well when your motivation is high, so basically when you’re just starting out, Cummins said. But as you come across more and more temptations that work against your goals as time goes on—i. e. , the free pizza at work, a new purse or the lure of Instagram—your willpower rapidly starts to dissipate.
    Plus, temptation is literally everywhere these days. "There’s no way around the fact that as humans in today’s world, we’re constantly swimming upstream against countless distractions," explained Brad Stulberg, a researcher, wellness coach and author of "The Passion Paradox." " There’s an ongoing attack of junk food and junk content, and if you’re constantly bending your willpower muscle against all those things, it’s going to constantly deplete. "
    The bottom line; While willpower can certainly play a helpful role in reaching a goal—at least when we’re highly motivated—it’s just not enough on its own. " Self-control" isn’t the answer. Instead, there are a few ways to "hack" yourself so you can better achieve your goals, whatever they might be.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
选项 A、Swimming is good for our health.
B、Building up our muscle helps achieve our goals.
C、Willpower alone is not enough for us to realize our goals.
D、Willpower plays a negligible role in reaching a goal.
答案C
解析 细节题。根据“顺序出题”原则，本题答案很可能来自最后两个段落。选项[A]是对原文we’re constantly swimming upstream against countless distractions“我们一直在逆流而上，与无数引起分心的事物作斗争”的曲解，这里的swimming是比喻，而非真正的“游泳”，故排除。选项[B]是对原文if you’re constantly bending your willpower muscle against all those things“如果你总是屈服于这些事物”的曲解，这里实际上与“锻炼肌肉”无关，故排除。选项[C]与原文最后一段第一句中的it’s not enough on its own“就靠其(意志力)自身还不足够”表述一致，故为正确答案，这也是全文多次提及的主题句。选项[D]中的negligible“微不足道的”与原文最后一段第一句中的helpful“有助的”相悖，故排除。
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