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  3. If you like to take lots of vacation, the United States is not the place to work. Besides a handful of national holidays, the ty

If you like to take lots of vacation, the United States is not the place to work. Besides a handful of national holidays, the ty

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问题     If you like to take lots of vacation, the United States is not the place to work. Besides a handful of national holidays, the typical American worker gets two or three precious weeks off out of a whole year to relax and see the world—much less than what people in many other countries receive. And even that amount of vacation often comes with strings attached.
    So what’s going on here?
    A big reason for the difference is that paid time off is demanded by law in many parts of the world. Germany is among more than two dozen industrialized countries—from Australia to Japan—that require employers to offer four weeks or more of paid vacation to their workers, according to a 2009 study by the human resources consulting company Mercer. Finland, Brazil and France are the champions, guaranteeing six weeks of time off. But employers in the United States are not obliged under federal law to offer any paid vacation, so about a quarter of all American workers don’t have access to it, government figures show. That makes the U. S. the only advanced nation in the world that doesn’t guarantee its workers annual leave.
    Most U. S. companies, of course, do provide vacation as a way to attract and retain workers. But the fear of layoffs and the ever-faster pace of work mean many Americans are reluctant to be absent from the office—anxious that they might look like they’re not committed to their job. Or they worry they won’t be able to cope with a pile of work waiting for them after a vacation.
    Then, there’s the way we work.
    Working more makes Americans happier than Europeans, according to a study published recently in the Journal of Happiness Studies. That may be because Americans believe more than Europeans do that hard work is associated with success.
    So despite research documenting the health and productivity benefits of taking time off, a long vacation can be undesirable, scary, unrealistic or just plain impossible for many U. S. workers.
According to the passage, the United States is a nation______.
选项 A、that prefers relatively longer vacations
B、that has fewer national holidays
C、where workers do not have paid time off
D、where employers are not required to offer paid vacation
答案D
解析 此题是一道引申推断题，考查考生根据文章内容和相关重点细节进行总结归纳和引申推断的能力。问题问“按照文章内容，美国是一个怎样的国度"。文章一开始就开门见山地指出：如果你喜欢多度些假期，美国不是一个适合工作的地方。接着作者通过举例、引用、列数字等各种方法详细介绍了美国人带薪休假相对于其他许多工业化国家比较少，并且分析了造成这种情况的原因，如：没有法律规定要求雇主必须为员工提供带薪休假，美国人将不休假努力工作视为敬业与成功等等。由此我们可以推断出美国是一个不要求雇主为员工提供带薪休假的国家，因此，本题的正确答案应该是D。选项A：更喜欢相对较长假期；B：没有几个国家规定的假期；C：员工没有带薪休假；这三个选项都不符合文章内容，均为干扰项。
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