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  3. Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has

Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has

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问题     Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long term effects on the development of the. personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood companions. Ms Harris takes to bits the assumption which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.
    Ms Harris’s attack on the developmentalists’"nurture" argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?
    Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer group in childhood and adolescence. Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for.  Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxedly, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.
    Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms Harris argues, he keen to appear like their contemporaries. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood.  Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and people% child-rearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.
Ms Harris’s conclusion would be more convincing if ________.
选项 A、she had based study exclusively on twins
B、she had attacked tile developmentalists more harshly
C、she had truly understood the developmentalists’views
D、she has provided evidence pointing to developmental characteristics
答案D
解析 推理判断题。题干使用的是虚拟语气，暗示了Ms Harris’s conclusion还没有彻底让人信服的 (convincing)。第三段第二句是说Ms Harris指出的一个论据，第三句用But把话锋一转，之后的内容很有可能就是其结论还没有彻底让人信服的地方。这段的最后一句说，尽管prove that parents have little impact on those qualities也许非常容易，但是it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more。言外之意是，Ms Harris还没能证明peers have vastly more impact on those qualities。因此，如果她能提供证据，她得出的结论就会more convincing。选项D最符合题干要求。
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