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  3. Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, f

Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, f

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问题     Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, first admitted. " In "The Grapes of Wrath," young Tom Joad loads up his car with pork snacks and relatives, and the family flees the Oklahoma for California. Along the way, Granma dies, but the Joads keep going.
    But sometime in the past 30 years, someone has hit the brakes and Americans—particularly young Americans—have become risk-averse and sedentary. The likelihood of 20-somethings moving to another state has dropped well over 40 percent since the 1980s, according to calculations based on Census Bureau data. The stuck-at-home mentality hits college-educated Americans as well as those without high school degrees. Even bicycle sales are lower now than they were in 2000. Today’s generation is literally going nowhere.
    An increasing number of teenagers are not even bothering to get their driver’s licenses. Back in the early 1980s, 80 percent of 18-year-olds proudly strutted out of the D. M. V. with new licenses, according to a study by researchers at the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute. By 2008—even before the Great Recession—that number had dropped to 65 percent. Though it’s easy to blame the high cost of cars or gasoline, Comerica Bank’s Automobile Affordability Index shows that it takes fewer weeks of work income to buy a car today than in the early 1980s, and inflation-adjusted gasoline prices didn’t get out of line until a few years ago.
    Perhaps young people are too happy at home checking Facebook. In a study of 15 countries, Michael Sivak, a professor at the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute, found that when young people spent more time on the Internet, they delayed getting their driver’s licenses. "More time on Facebook probably means less time on the road," he said. That may mean safer roads, but it also means
    Generation Y has become Generation Why Bother. The Great Recession and the still weak economy make the trend toward risk aversion worse. Children raised during recessions ultimately take fewer risks with their investments and their jobs. Even when the recession passes, they don’t strive as hard to find new jobs, and they hang on to lousy jobs longer. Research by the economist Lisa B. Kahn of the Yale School of Management shows that those who graduated from college during a poor economy experienced a relative wage loss even 15 years after entering the work force.
    In the mid-70s, back when every high school kid longed for his driver’s license and a chance to hit the road and find freedom, Bruce Springsteen wrote his brilliant, exciting album "Born to Run. " A generation later, as kids began to hunker down, Mr. Springsteen wrote his depressing "The Ghost of Tom Joad. " We need to reward and encourage forward movement, not slouching. That may sound harsh, but do we really want to turn into a country where young Americans can’t even recognize the courage of Tom Joad?
Young people raised in tough economic crisis______.
选项 A、tend to hold a more pessimistic attitude toward life
B、are less likely to hop from job to job
C、tend to try their luck more frequently
D、are paid less than those living in booming period
答案B
解析 第五段中提到在经济危机环境中成长起来的年轻人在投资和工作方面都采取保守态度，不愿意冒风险。甚至在经济危机过去之后，他们也往往不愿意找新工作，而是继续从事一份不甚满意的工作(Children raised during recessions ultimately take fewer risks with their investments and their jobs．Even when the recession passes，they don’t strive as hard to find new jobs，and they hang on to lousy jobs longer．)。因此[B]正确。[A]错误，文中主要讨论了在经济危机背景下成长起来的年轻人对于冒险的态度，并没有提到他们对于人生的态度是消极还是积极。[C]错误，文章并没有就年轻人是否喜欢碰运气展开论述。[D]错误，文章第五段最后只谈到了那些在较差经济环境中成长起来的年轻人因为不愿冒险，因此一直不愿意换工作，这种影响非常持久，甚至在他们工作15年后，经济较差时期毕业的大学生的工资仍然处于相对较低的水平。这里的工资比较并不是将生活在经济危机环境中的年轻人与生活在经济繁荣时期的年轻人进行对比，而是将生活在经济危机环境中的年轻人实得工资水平和他们应得的工资进行比较。
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