首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
admin
2011-01-02
51
问题
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U.S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they’ re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply," says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, "and the lack of redundancy in our system."
Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year’s flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers ( Chiron and Aventis Pasteur)--and when one of them runs into trouble, there isn’ t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can’t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs," says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There’s a whole industry that’s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "
Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year’s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures--a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.
For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That’ s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign--encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.
The word "cleared" (Line 4, Paragraph 3) might mean ______.
选项
A、permitted
B、removed
C、proved
D、produced
答案
A
解析
在第三段最后一句“…one culture-based product has been cleared for marketing in Europe.”里出现了“cleared”一词。根据下文中“marketing”和读者有关药品上市前应该得到批准的常识,可以判断出,该词在本句中的意思是“得到官方的批准”。因此正确答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/2dHd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader
TrafficJams—NoEndinSight1.Trafficcongestion(拥堵)affectspeoplethroughouttheworld.Trafficjamscausesmogindozens
DNAFingerprintingDNAisthegeneticmaterialfoundwithinthecellnucleiofalllivingthings.Inmammalsthestrandsof
随机试题
呕血后患者出现休克表现时则失血量应在()
A.灰婴综合症B.干咳C.溶血性贫血D.变态反应E.停药反应
患者,女性,41岁。胆囊结石病史2年,主诉晚餐后突然出现右上腹阵发性剧烈疼痛,向右肩、背部放射,伴有腹胀、恶心、呕吐等症状。体检示:体温38.9℃,脉搏112次/分钟,血压106/85mmHg。右上腹部有压痛、肌紧张、反跳痛。实验室检查:WBC10.5×
下列不属于企业法律顾问资格评审履行程序的是()。
关于建设工程施工现场文明施工的说法,正确的有()。
定期清查,可以是全面清查,也可以是局部清查。()
中央银行投放基础货币的渠道不包括()。
()是航次租船合同的条款。
阅读下列材料,完成教学设计。材料1:《义务教育化学课程标准(2011年版)》的课程内容:了解吸附、沉降、过滤和蒸馏等净化水的常用方法。材料2:义务教育教科书《化学》(九年级上册)第三单元的目录(略)。材料3:某教师的“水的净化
Pleaseremain______untiltheairplanecomestoacompletestop.
最新回复
(
0
)