首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
admin
2011-01-02
24
问题
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U.S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they’ re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply," says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, "and the lack of redundancy in our system."
Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year’s flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers ( Chiron and Aventis Pasteur)--and when one of them runs into trouble, there isn’ t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can’t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs," says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There’s a whole industry that’s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "
Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year’s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures--a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.
For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That’ s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign--encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.
The word "cleared" (Line 4, Paragraph 3) might mean ______.
选项
A、permitted
B、removed
C、proved
D、produced
答案
A
解析
在第三段最后一句“…one culture-based product has been cleared for marketing in Europe.”里出现了“cleared”一词。根据下文中“marketing”和读者有关药品上市前应该得到批准的常识,可以判断出,该词在本句中的意思是“得到官方的批准”。因此正确答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/2dHd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’se
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
HappyBirthdaytoYouThemainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmaincharacteristics:itw
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader
Aresultofnuclearexplosion,falloutisthedescentofminuteparticlesofradioactivematerialthroughtheatmosphere.
SymptomsofPervasiveAnti-IntellectualismAmericanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathl
随机试题
下列各项正确说明判断一种观点的是非对错的标准的是
婴幼儿哮喘最基本的治疗方法是应用
与大肠相表里的是
下列关于液体制剂质量要求的错误表述为
方案的投资发生在期初,且各年的净收益均相等时,投资回收期与投资收益()。
下列各项中,属于反映财务状况的会计要素的有()。
某黄金珠宝商店为增值税一般纳税人,2016年2月零售一批贵重首饰,该批贵重首饰包括包金、镀金和金银镶嵌首饰,取得零售额76050元(无法分别核算各类首饰的零售额)。假设该黄金珠宝商店无其他业务,则该黄金珠宝商店2016年2月应缴纳的消费税为()元。
广义的学习指人和动物在生活过程中,(凭借经验)产生的行为或行为潜能的相对【】
乘坐飞机从甲地去往乙地,可由甲地直飞乙地,也可经由丙地中转。每天从甲地直飞乙地的航班有3班、甲地飞丙地的航班有4班、丙地飞乙地的航班有2班。如果要从甲地出发在两天内到达乙地,可供选择的航班线路有多少种?
Youhavereadanadvertisementandwanttowriteanapplicationletter.假如你是王宏,男,26岁,毕业于广州大学,从今天报纸上得知某公司招聘翻译或导游,你认为自己具备条件,希望
最新回复
(
0
)