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  3. President Coolidge’s statement, "The business of America is business", still points to an important truth today that business in

President Coolidge’s statement, "The business of America is business", still points to an important truth today that business in

admin2010-09-25  103
问题      President Coolidge’s statement, "The business of America is business", still points to an important truth today that business institutions are of more concern in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige? One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.
     Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’ dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.
     A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, that democracy in preserving freedom.
     Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the idea of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background.  Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的) idea of inherited privilege.
According to the author, in many countries success often depends on one’s ______ .
选项
答案social status/social class background/social rank
解析 空前的名词所有格表明此处应填名词。本题考查作者的观点态度：在许多国家一个人的成功依靠的因素。末段倒数第二句提到，Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background，即取得竞争胜利在美国不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位，反过来，其他国家就要依靠了。
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