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  3. Read carefully the following excerpt on the effects of outdoor learning on children’s development, and then write your response

Read carefully the following excerpt on the effects of outdoor learning on children’s development, and then write your response

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问题     Read carefully the following excerpt on the effects of outdoor learning on children’s development, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:
    . summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then
    . comment on whether outdoor learning should be boosted in schools. You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.
    Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
                                Outdoor Learning Boosts Children’s Development
    Childhoods were dramatically changing, with fewer opportunities to spend time outdoors, researchers observed. The loss of exposure to the natural environment would have negative long-term consequences, they warned.
    Establishing an "outdoor learning hub" would help teachers, and help shape policies and strategies, they suggested.
    The report highlighted previous studies that showed that with busier family lives, combined with an increased sense of fear in society, children were having fewer opportunities to explore their surrounding natural environment.
    This was hampering children’s social skills as well as risking stifling their long-term physical, emotional development and well-being. Therefore, it was important that schools did not overlook the opportunities that outdoor learning provided to bridge this gap.
    "At the moment, if outdoor learning is part of a school’s curriculum in England, it is largely because the teachers recognize the value of it," said report co-author, Sue Waite, a reader in outdoor learning at Plymouth University, UK.
    With so much focus on academic attainment, there can be pressure on teachers to stay in the classroom, which means children are missing out on so many experiences that will benefit them through their lives.
    Ms. Waite added that the report showed that although there was a significant body of research that supported outdoor learning in both formal and informal contexts, it was likely to remain on the margins of education until the benefits were recognized by policymakers and reflected in policies. The report called for it to be adopted by national curricula.
    The report made a number of recommendations, including the establishment of a "strategic policy/research hub" to "collate existing research, prioritize future research needs and help improve the alignment between research and policy".
    The report also proposed a "Framework for 21st Century Student Outcomes" that could be delivered through regular lessons in natural environment.
选项
答案 Outdoor Learning Should Be Put into Compulsory Education To combat the negative effects of our children’s less exposure to nature, outdoor learning has been called for to improve their social skills and enhance their emotional development and well-being. Though confirmed by researches about the positive influence of outdoor learning, it still needs to be reflected in policies and adopted by national curricula. Personally, I think outdoor learning should make its way into compulsory education to improve children’s growth and development. Nostalgic retrospection would bring our idyllic childhood memory back, which forms a sharp contrast to the life of today’s children. Pinched between busy school life and insecurity of the society, this generation has lost close touch with the natural environment which can not only help build their bodies but also nourish their souls. In their desperate pursuit of "textbook knowledge", schoolchildren have missed an important part of their growth—the acquisition of social skills and the cultivation of their characters. Only in nature can the "dead" knowledge come alive. A touch of the delicate flowers would give us a vivid impression of their categories; a whiff of an unpleasant odor would teach us ten times more about its feature than our chemistry teacher; a camping night with classmates would lead us into a wonderland where the team spirit can be developed and the law of survival of the fittest can truly manifest itself. To conclude, in a society where children become more and more inept, it is time we thought twice about the way of raising and educating them. Outdoor learning has been proven useful both by our own experience and scientific research. It should be included in the compulsory education for the above-mentioned merits.
解析     本题讨论的是户外学习是否有利于孩子的全面发展这一话题。选段中首先指出，孩子们由于长期不接触自然环境，容易产生各种问题。接着引用报告分析了此现象产生的原因。然后又指出此现象带来的恶果。最后呼吁应采取措施来鼓励学生多参加户外运动和学习。本题的写作重点在于：首先概括选段的要点，其次就学校是否应该鼓励孩子进行户外学习展开讨论，最后总结全文。
    开头部分首先开宗明义，概括开展户外学习的宗旨和此举的好处；然后指出尽管有研究已表明户外学习对孩子的发展有利，但其仍需要列入相关政策和国家课程中；最后表明自己的观点：赞同此举措。
    中间部分首先回顾我们曾经悠闲度过的童年，与当前孩子忙于学校学习的苦闷场面作对比；接着指出盲目地学习“课本知识”的弊端，进而引出在自然环境中学习的重要性；然后用几个排比句说明户外学习对学生的全面发展有促进作用。
    结尾部分首先呼吁人们思考为什么学生们在现行的教育制度下变得越来越呆板；然后再次重述主题，提议把户外学习纳入义务教育之中。
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