It doesn’t come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can’t remember so. You

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问题    It doesn’t come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can’t remember so. You just waste your valuable time.
Maybe you have already discovered                                                        【M1】______
some clever ways to keep yourself against forgetting.                                    【M2】______
   One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you read while you know why you’re reading. 【M3】______
   Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when
your reply with her offer to help                                                        【M4】______
is" No, thank you. I’m just looking" ? Both you and she know that if you aren’t sure     【M5】______
what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose if that you say instead, "Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses. "She says," Right this way, please. "
And you and she are off—neither eager                                                   【M6】______
to look for exactly what you want.
   It’s quite the same with your studying. If you chose a book at random, "just looking" for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing.
Moreover if you do know what you want,                                                  【M7】______
you are almost sure to get it. Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying" to find out more about", "to understand the reasons for", "to find out how". A good student has a clear purpose or reason for what he is doing.
   This is the way it works. Before you start to study,
you say to yourself anything like this,                                                  【M8】______
"I’m going to skim this stow to see what life is like in medieval England. "             【M9】______
Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate information to your purpose【M10】______
and remember it better.
【M3】

选项

答案while→when

解析 衔接错误。原句的意思是“读书时要有明确的目的或原因,当你知道读书目的时就能够对书中内容记得更清楚”,此处表示“当……时候”的连接词可以是when或while,但因为谓语动词的动作know不能持续,所以此处改为when。  
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