在山东省潍坊市,风筝不仅仅是玩具,而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名,已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝,但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明

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问题     在山东省潍坊市,风筝不仅仅是玩具,而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名,已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝,但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作,飞了三天后才落地。

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答案 In Weifang, Shandong Province, kites are not only toys, but also a cultural symbol of this city. Weifang is famous as "the capital of kite" , with a history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites. Legend has it that Mo zi, the ancient Chinese philosopher, spent three years making the first kite of the world right in Weifang, but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying. It is also believed that the kite was invented by the ancient Chinese carpenter Lu Ban. It is said that his kite was made of wood and bamboo, and flew for three days before falling on the ground.

解析 1.翻译第一句时,“不仅……而且……”用not only…but also结构;“这座城市文化的标志”既可以用名词symbol,译为a cultural symbol of this city,也可以用动词symbolize,译为symbolize the culture of this city。
2.翻译第二句时,有两种翻译方法。一种是将“潍坊……已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史”作为句子主干,“以‘风筝之都’而闻名”为现在分词短语作伴随状语,即译为Being famous as“the capital of kite”,Weifang hasa history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites;另一种是将“潍坊以‘风筝之都’而闻名”作为句子主干,“已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史”用with的复合结构作伴随状语,即译文中给出的翻译。
3.翻译第三句时,“传说”既可以译为介词短语According to the legend,也可以译为Legend has it that;“中国古代哲学家墨子”如果译为the ancient Chinese philosopher Mo zi,主语显得有些长,因此把the ancient Chinesephilosopher作为同位语,修饰Mo zi;“用了三年时间”既可译为spent three years in…,也可用it took sb.some time to do sth.这一句型,即it took Mo zi three years to make the first kite of the world;“在潍坊”如果直译为in Weifang,体现不出潍坊的重要性,加上副词right“正好,恰好”,强调墨子是在潍坊制作出了世界上第一个风筝,而不是在其他地方,right也可以用exactly替换;第三句前半句和后半句既可以用but连接,译为两个并列的分句,也可以用however,译为两个独立的句子,即Legend has it that Mo zi,the ancientChinese philosopher,spent three years making the first kite of the world right in Weifang.However,thekite fell and broke on its first day of flying。
4.翻译第四句时,既可以用It作形式主语,像译文中那样翻译,也可以处理成带宾语从句的句式,即Some peoplealso believe that…;“风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的”既可以像译文那样译为被动语态,也可以译为主动语态the ancient Chinese carpenter Lu Ban invented the kite,还可采用强调句型it was Lu Ban who inventedthe first kite。
5.翻译第五句时,需注意“飞了三天后才落地”的翻译。“飞了三天”强调鲁班制作的风筝飞的时间长,如果译为after three days’flying,it fell太过直译,体现不出飞的时间,因此将“飞了三天”作为句子主干,译为flew forthree days before falling on the ground更好。
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