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  3. (79) In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive.

(79) In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive.

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问题     (79) In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied (多种多样的). But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? The evidence shows that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, variety is not an important factor..
    (80) Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important. There is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modem factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus, although freedom of choice may be important, usually very little can be done to create it.
    Another important consideration is how much a worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker’s contribution an important factor, therefore, it is also one we can do something about. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we make their jobs more interesting, they will want neither more money nor shorter working hours.
Degree of the worker’s contribution is greater when ______.
选项 A、a factory possesses more experts
B、a factory has many small production lines
C、workers enjoy more freedom
D、workers work at a large production line
答案B
解析 第三段第三句、四句“一些汽车工厂正试验采用一些小的而不是大的生产线，这样每个工人在自己的生产线上对汽车的生产贡献更大。”表明，本题的正确答案为B项。
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