首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
admin
2019-04-08
41
问题
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences.
【T1】
In the first place, Aristotle criticized Plato’s theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter.
He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form.
Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it can be defined.【T2】
The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form.
The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational.【T3】
The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things.
The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature.
Aristotle’s political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato’s principles.【T4】
The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms.
Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise.【T5】
In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience.
He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.
【T4】
选项
答案
根据亚里士多德的观点,个人和社会行为的标准必然是在对个人和社会的自然趋势的科学研究中发现的,而不是在纯形式的抽象领域中发现的。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3BCd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
America,unhappily,isbullishongarbage.Ourproductionofrefuse,nowabout160milliontonsayear,willriseto193million
Somepeopleoughttodefendtheworkaholic.Thesepeopleareunjustlyaccused,abused,anddefamed--oftentermedsickormo
KarenRusawasa30-year-oldwomanandthemotheroffourchildren.ForthepastseveralmonthsKarenhadbeenexperiencingrepe
ThemainimpressiongrowingoutoftwelveyearsonthefacultyofamedicalschoolisthattheNo.1healthproblemintheUS.t
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Amarketiscommonlythoughtofasaplacewherecommoditiesareboughtandsold.Thusfruitandvegetablesaresoldwholesale
Mostpeoplewouldbe21bythehighqualityofmedicine22tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof
OvershadowedbyrowsoverNigeriaandLockerbie,theCommonwealth’sattemptstorefocusontradeandinvestment—themaintheme
TherewasonethingIfoundratherstrangeonmyfirstdayatMonk’sHouse.Thebathroomwasdirectlyabovethekitchenandwhen
随机试题
牡螈散的功用是固冲汤的功用是
肝脏最基本的结构单位是( )。
某项目第1年投资500万元,第2年又投资500万元,从第3年进入正常运营期。正常运营期共18年,每年净收入为110万元,设行业基准收益率为8%,该项目的财务净现值为( )万元。
下列选项中,属于审核记账凭证主要工作的有()。
如果纳税人刘某利用其他方法减少计税依据,当地税务机关则有权重新核定计税依据,这样处理体现了税法基本原则中的()。
乙公司是一家上市公司,该公司2014年末资产总计为10000万元,其中负债合计为2000万元。该公司适用的所得税税率为25%。相关资料如下:资料一:预计乙公司净利润持续增长,股利也随之相应增长。相关资料如表1所示:资料二:乙公司认为2014年的资本结
ABC会计师事务所在承接对X公司和Y银行的2006年年报审计时,以下行为没有违背职业道德准则的是( )。以下事项中,不会影响注册会计师或会计师事务所独守性的是( )。
设z=z(x,y)由ex+ysin(x+z)=1所确定,试求
设3阶矩阵A有3个特征向量η1(1,2,2)T,η2=(2,-2,1)T,η3=(-2,-1,2)T,它们的特征值依次为1,2,3,求A.
A.PlanfortheFinancialTransitionB.ExamineYourInvestmentPortfolioC.ContributetoanIRAD.SavebeforeYou
最新回复
(
0
)