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  3. Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

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问题     Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
    The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyak, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiate, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of people function in the lives of the individuals.
    Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
选项 A、The Science of Custom.
B、Creatures of Society.
C、Human Behavior.
D、The Functions of Cultures.
答案C
解析 本题考查的是对文章主旨的把握。纵观全文，第一段讲到：人类学关注那些自然特征和产业技术，关注那些习俗和价值观。第二段讲到：人类学家对人类的行为感兴趣，对发现于不同文化中的习俗感兴趣。研究多种社会习俗以了解人类文化变更和分化的方式，人类怎样表达他们的思想感情，习俗在个人生活中所起的作用等。最后一段讲到：我们对习俗这种行为方式的认识。可见，本文主要讲的是对人类行为的研究。A、B、D项都只是文章所提到的部分内容，不能用作文章的标题。所以本题的正确答案为C。
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