首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes, should we? Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their
Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes, should we? Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their
admin
2014-09-05
60
问题
Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes, should we? Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their freedom?
This may sound like a fanciful concern, but it is an increasingly real one. The new federal transportation bill, for example, authorized funding for a program that seeks to prevent the crime of drunken driving not by raising public consciousness or issuing stiffer punishments — but by making the crime practically impossible to commit.【C1】______
The Dadss program is part of a trend toward what I call the " perfect prevention" of crime; depriving people of the choice to commit an offense in the first place. The federal government’s Intelligent Transportation Systems program, which is creating technology to share data among vehicles and road infrastructure like traffic lights, could make it impossible for a driver to speed or run a red light.【C2】______
Such technologies force us to reconcile two important interests. On one hand is society’s desire for safety and security. On the other hand is the individual’s right to act freely. Conventional crime prevention balances these interests by allowing individuals the freedom to commit crime, but punishing them if they do.
The perfect prevention of crime asks us to consider exactly how far individual freedom extends. Does freedom include a "right" to drive drunk, for instance? It is hard to imagine that it does.【C3】______
For most familiar crimes(murder, robbery, rape, arson), the law requires that the actor have some guilty state of mind, whether it is intent, recklessness or negligence.【C4】______
In such cases, using technology to prevent the crime entirely would not unduly burden individual freedom; it would simply be effective enforcement of the statute. Because there is no mental state required to be guilty of the offense, the government could require, for instance, that drug manufacturers apply a special tamper-proof coating to all pills, thus making the sale of tainted drugs practically impossible, without intruding on the thoughts of any future seller.
But because the government must not intrude on people’s thoughts, perfect prevention is a bad fit for most offenses.【C5】______Even if this could be known, perhaps with the help of some sort of neurological scan, collecting such knowledge would violate an individual’s freedom of thought.
Perfect prevention is a politically attractive approach to crime prevention, and for strict-liability crimes it is permissible and may be good policy if implemented properly. But for most offenses, the threat to individual freedom is too great to justify this approach. This is not because people have a right to commit crimes; they do not. Rather, perfect prevention threatens our right to be free in our thoughts, even when those thoughts turn to crime.
[A]But there is a category of crimes that are forbidden regardless of the actor’s state of mind; so-called strict-liability offenses. One example is the sale of tainted drugs. Another is drunken driving.
[B]The Dadss program, despite its effectiveness in preventing drunk driving, is criticized as a violation of human rights because it monitors drivers’ behavior and controls individual’s free will.
[C]And the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 has already criminalized the development of technologies that can be used to avoid copyright restrictions, making it effectively impossible for most people to illegally share certain copyrighted materials, including video games.
[D]If the actor doesn’t have the guilty state of mind, and he commits crime involuntarily, in this case, the actor will be convicted as innocent.
[E]Perfect prevention of a crime like murder would require the ability to know what a person was thinking in order to determine whether he possessed the relevant culpable mental state.
[F]The program, the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety(Dadss), is developing invehicle technology that automatically checks a driver’s blood-alcohol level and, if that level is above the legal limit, prevents the car from starting.
[G]But what if the government were to add a drug to the water supply that suppressed antisocial urges and thereby reduced the murder rate? This would seem like an obvious violation of our freedom. We need a clear method of distinguishing such cases.
【C5】
选项
答案
E
解析
第八段紧接第六段和第七段讨论的内容,政府是无权侵入人们的思想的,因此“犯罪完全阻止”对于大多数的犯罪罪行来说都是行不通的。横线后面这句话Even if this could be known,perhaps with the help of some sort of neurological scan,collecting such knowledgewould violate an individual’s freedom of thought.表明:即使利用神经扫描等手段,能够知道,但是这样获取的信息也是对个人思想的侵犯。这里的this一词代指的应该就是个人的思想。根据横线处前一句和后一句,我们可以判断,横线处填的最佳答案应该是[E]
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3PK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、B、C、
ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchilly,thegrabdidnotwarmthemmeansthemeasuregovernmentadoptedis______.Undercurrentcir
Beforethe20thcenturythehorseprovideddaytodaytransportationintheUnitedStates.Trainswereusedonlyforlong-distan
Beforethe20thcenturythehorseprovideddaytodaytransportationintheUnitedStates.Trainswereusedonlyforlong-distan
Personalizedmedicinehasprovedanelusivedream.Biotechnologycompanieshaveclaimedthatbymatchingaperson’sgeneticmake
Youwillgraduatefromuniversityandarehuntingforajob.Afterreadingajobads,writealettertothePersonnelResources
EuropeansandAmericansalikehavecertainromanticnotionsaboutSweden.Weimagineitasalandofliberal-mindedpeoplelivin
Theresidents,______hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.
SoBig.Fdamagedcomputerprogramsmainlyby______.ComparedwithSoBig.F.Blasterwasavirusthatwas______.
随机试题
患儿最可能的诊断是( )此患儿发病的主要原因是( )
合成DNA的原料是
患者,男性,77岁。反复咳嗽、咳痰伴喘息20年,6年前出现逐渐加重的呼吸困难,诊断为COPD,目前处于缓解期。为防止发生呼吸衰竭,应指导患者
【背景资料】某混凝土重力坝工程包括左岸非溢流坝段、溢流坝段、右岸非溢流坝段、右岸坝肩混凝土刺墙段。最大坝高43m,坝顶全长322m,共17个坝段。该工程采用明渠导流施工。坝址以上流域面积610.5km2,属于亚热带暖湿气候区,雨量充沛,湿润温和。
下列关于市销率的说法中,错误的是()。
下列关于纪要的描述正确的是()。
每一次重大的改革莫不伴随着巨大争议,而无论是谁的作品选人语文教材,得到全面一致的赞扬恐怕也不_______。如果说鲁迅先生的文章是高大上、直指中国时弊和灵魂,而《天路》和《蜗牛》这类的新入选作品,则是小清新、_______。填入画横线部分最恰当的
下列诗句与季节对应不正确的是:
(2017年真题)最高人民法院发布的《关于审理抢劫案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》中规定,抢劫正在使用中的银行或者其他金融机构的运钞车的,视为“抢劫银行或者其他金融机构”。该规定使用的解释方法是
以下是有关激光打印机的叙述:Ⅰ.由于激光能聚集成很细的光电,所以激光打印机的分辨率较高Ⅱ.激光打印机中有一个“页面存储器”,用于存储整个页面的点阵图像Ⅲ.激光打印机是一种页式打印机,其打印速度的单位是PPMⅣ.目前多数
最新回复
(
0
)