首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
admin
2015-01-31
34
问题
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry take them out of the household, their traditional sphere and fundamentally alter their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Fredrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex ... into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization’s effects, but they agreed that it would transform women’s lives.
Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological
innovations
as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine ,the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women’s economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women’s work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely and extension of an older pattern of employment for young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880’ s created a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women’ s work". The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
Women’ s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women’s household labour remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labour market and in the home.
Why did the numbers of married women employers increase in the 20th century?
选项
A、The mechanization of housework.
B、The married women have much spare time.
C、The employers don’t want to hire the single women.
D、Because of their own economic necessity and high marriage rates.
答案
D
解析
细节题。根据题干中的“the numbers ofmarried women employers increasein the 20th century”可定位至第二段末句“The increase in the numbers of marriedwomen employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with themechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it didwith their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the availablepool of single women workers,previously,in many cases,the only women employerswould hire.”由此可知,20世纪已婚妇女职员的增加是因为她们经济上的必需性,以及结婚率的升高。D项符合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3Rh7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Morestructuredtechniquesmakepeopledeeplyrelaxed.B、Meditationistheonlywayleadingtorelaxation.C、Progressivemuscl
A、Theyencouragemorehomelesspeople.B、Theyareasafetyhazard.C、Theytakeupparkingspaces.D、Theydestroytheneighborhoo
TheHappinessEffect[A]Thenexttimeyougettheflu,therewillalmostcertainlybesomeoneyoucanblameforyourpain.There
Thestudyofanimalsinparksandinthewildhasgivenadeeperknowledgeoftheirhabits:theresulthasbeenagreat【C1】_____
WetendtothinkofthedecadesimmediatelyfollowingWorldWarIIasatimeofprosperityandgrowth,withsoldiersreturningh
Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehab
Anadvanceddegreeinbusinessstudiesisnowamustforanyambitiousandfocusedexecutivehopingtoclimbthecareerladderi
Iaskedsuccessfulpeoplewhatthesecretoftheirsuccesswas.I【B1】______anearlydiscussionwithavicepresidentofalarge
A、Busdrivers’workingconditions.B、Alabordisputeatabuscompany.C、Publictransportation.D、Acorporatetakeover.B综合理解题。女
WasteNot,WantNotFeedingthe9Billion:TheTragedyofWasteA)By2075,theUnitedNations’mid-rangeprojectionforglobal
随机试题
真核生物的启动子结构是
A.郁金B.石菖蒲C.白及D.麦冬E.红参形状呈不规则扁圆形,2~3个爪状分支的药材是
患者29岁,结婚3年不孕,月经周期3~5/24~25天,盆腔检查正常,连测3个周期BBT双相,高温相持续9~10天,诊为:
直立性蛋白尿的特点是
患者,女性,7岁,患有"乙型脑炎"6天。症见高热,体温40℃,烦躁,神昏谵语,痉厥,口渴唇焦,尿赤便秘,舌红,苔黄少津,脉弦数。治宜选用
房租是用户为得到一定时期内的房屋()而支付给房屋所有者或房屋经营者的经济补偿。
为政策性进出口业务提供买方或卖方信贷的银行是()。
甲公司为上市公司,该公司内部审计部门20×4年年末在对其20×4年度财务报表进行内审时,对以下交易或事项的会计处理提出疑问。(1)1月8日,董事会决定自20×4年1月1日起将公司位于城区的一幢已出租建筑物的后续计量方法由成本模式改为公允价值模式。
中外合资经营企业召开董事会,董事不能出席时,只能书面委托其他董事,不能委托非董事代表其出席并表决。()
下列不是衡量一个国家经济实力的大小的指标的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)