首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These migh
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These migh
admin
2013-05-11
357
问题
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
2 British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
3 In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
4 Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker"(a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
5 All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking, their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
6 Place-names have lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill).
We learn from the first paragraph that __________ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.
选项
A、family names became descriptive and occupational
B、people in some areas still had no surnames
C、some people kept changing their surnames
D、all family names became fixed in England
答案
C
解析
此题为细节理解题。据第1段第6句,我们知道,13、14世纪后的许多年里,姓氏的稳定程度在英国不同地区有很大的差异,换言之,仍有人在不停地更改自己的姓氏,故确定C,排除D。A与B明显不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3WQK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Salt,shellsormetalsarestillusedasmoneyinout-of-the-waypartsoftheworldtoday.Saltmayseemratherastrange【C1】___
WriteonANSWERSHEETTWOanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Youwanttoborrowyourclassmate’s
Parentsareoftenupsetwhentheirchildrenpraisethehomesoftheirfriendsandregarditasaslur(诋毁)ontheirowncooking,
WhatdestroyedSaint-Pierre?
Theagency,______tosetandenforcehealthstandardforAmericanworkers,hasbeenpromisingacottonduststandardforseveral
HowdidEnglandcontroltradeinthe18thcentury?
Inthesentence"Wefounditimpossibletogeteverythingreadyinsuchshorttime",theitalicizedpartisthe______.
Evenifhisletter_____tomorrow,it_____toolatetodoanything.
Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmay
AfterreadinganarticleintheHeraldaboutmemorylossanddementia,Icanassurereadersthattoday’sgenerationhasbeeninf
随机试题
周围神经病下列哪项症状体征的表述不正确
受理公务员申诉的机关的审理期限是()
A、Traveloverseas.B、Lookforanewjob.C、Takeaphoto.D、Adoptachild.C
对甲型肝炎患者的消毒隔离措施错误的是
对于恶性肿瘤的根治性手术的切除范围,最恰当的是
16周岁以上不满18周岁的公民,以自己的劳动收入为主要生活来源的( )。
中国证监会及其派出机构依法对首席风险官进行监督管理。( )
甲市居民陈某驾车送人前往乙市,在乙市丙区与丁区居民谷某的车相撞,陈某出手殴打谷某,将其打伤。乙市丙区公安分局决定,扣留陈某的汽车,并处罚款500元。陈某对丙区公安分局的处理决定不服,认为处理太重。谷某亦不服,认为应给予陈某治安拘留处罚。下列关于本案复议、诉
美国富尔顿制成蒸汽汽船,发生的时代是()。
要使图像框(Image)中的图像能随着图像框的大小伸缩,应该设置的属性及值是
最新回复
(
0
)