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  3. 1 The three energy-yielding food nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The amount of energy a food provides depends o

1 The three energy-yielding food nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The amount of energy a food provides depends o

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问题 1 The three energy-yielding food nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The amount of energy a food provides depends on how much of each nutrient it contains. When broken down in the body, a gram of carbohydrate and a gram of protein each yield about four kilocalories of energy. A gram of fat yields nine kilocalories; therefore, fat has a greater energy density than either protein or carbohydrates. Foods with a high energy density provide more kilocalories per gram than foods with a low energy density.
2 Different meals may deliver the same number of kilocalories but varying amounts of food energy. For example, a 450-gram breakfast of cereal, milk, fruit, egg, turkey sausage, toast, and jam and a 150-gram breakfast of doughnuts both deliver 500 kilocalories. However, the first breakfast, which is higher in protein, has a lower energy density than the doughnuts and supplies three times as much food energy.
3 During a meal, as food enters the digestive tract, hunger decreases and the body reaches satiation, the signal to stop eating. The nutrient composition of a meal affects the level of satiation the meal provides. Foods low in energy density are more satiating than foods high in energy density. Of the three energy-yielding nutrients, protein is the most satiating and fat is the least satiating. High-fat foods are flavorful, which encourages people to eat more, but they are also energy-dense and deliver more kilocalories per bite. Therefore, eating meals high in fat may lead to overconsumption.
What is the relationship between food nutrients and satiation?
选项 A、Some nutrients have no effect on satiation.
B、Foods that taste better are more satiating.
C、High-fat foods give the highest level of satiation.
D、Satiation is lower in energy-dense foods.
答案D
解析 Satiation is lower in energy-dense foods. Clues:... fat has a greater energy density...; Foods low in energy density are more satiating than foods high in energy density;.. .fat is the least satiating.
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