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  3. The first technological revolution in modern biology started when James Watson and Francis Crick described the structure of DNA

The first technological revolution in modern biology started when James Watson and Francis Crick described the structure of DNA

admin2011-02-25  95
问题     The first technological revolution in modern biology started when James Watson and Francis Crick described the structure of DNA half a century ago. That established the fields of molecular and cell biology, the basis of the biotechnology industry. The sequencing of the human genome nearly a decade ago set off a second revolution which has started to illuminate the origins of diseases.
    Now the industry is convinced that a third revolution is under way: the convergence of biology and engineering. A recent report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says that physical sciences have already been transformed by their adoption of information technology, advanced materials, imaging, nanotechnolugy and sophisticated modelling and simulation. Phillip Sharp, a Nobel prize-winner at that university, believes that those tools are about to be brought to bear on biology too.
    But the chances are that this will take time, and turn out to be more of a reformation than a revolution. The conventional health-care systems of the rich world may resist new technologies even as poor countries leapfrog ahead. There is already a backlash against genomics, which has been oversold to consumers as a deterministic science. And given soaring health-care costs, insurers and health systems may not want to adopt new technologies unless inventors can show conclusively that they will produce better outcomes and offer value for money.
    If these obstacles can be overcome, then the biggest winner will be the patient. In the past medicine has taken a paternalistic stance, with the all-knowing physician dispensing wisdom from on high, but that is becoming increasingly untenable. Digitisation promises to connect doctors not only to everything they need to know about their patients but also to other doctors who have treated similar disorders. That essential reform will enable many other big technological changes to be introduced.
    Just as important, it can make that information available to the patients too, empowering them to play a bigger part in managing their own health affairs. This is controversial, and with good reason. Many doctors, and some patients, reckon they lack the knowledge to make informed decisions. But patients actually know a great deal about many diseases, especially chronic ones like diabetes and heart problems with which they often live for many years. The best way to deal with those is for individuals to take more responsibility for their own health and prevent problems before they require costly hospital visits. That means putting electronic health records directly into patients’ hands.  
What will a physician probably do in the future if he encounters a difficult and rare disease?
选项 A、He will refer to other treatments on similar disorders via the internet.
B、He will brainstorm on it and try to cure the patient.
C、He will resort to the deterministic science of genomics.
D、He will freeze the case and wait for new cures to deal with it.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。文章第四段倒数第二句是一个 not only...but also...句型。本句提到，数字信息将使医生不但能得到病人的一切信息，还能了解其他医生治疗类似疾病的知识。由此可推断，当他们在将来遇到疑难杂症时，很可能在网上寻找其他医生治疗过的类似的病例，以获得帮助。所以[A]正确。 [B]项和[D]项的信息，属于臆断，不能从文中所给的信息找出推断依据。[C]项说，他们将求助于基因确定性科学，而文章第三段第三句已经提到，因为向消费者出售确定性科学而受到了质疑，所以[C]也错误。
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