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  3. Optimism and pessimism may be well understood by the case as follows; two persons thirsty to death run for a small glass of wate

Optimism and pessimism may be well understood by the case as follows; two persons thirsty to death run for a small glass of wate

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问题     Optimism and pessimism may be well understood by the case as follows; two persons thirsty to death run for a small glass of water with only ten percent water left. One person was overjoyed and said "there is still a little water in glass", while the other one sighed and murmured "little water left". The first one can be described as "optimistic" and the other one "pessimistic". Keeping an optimistic attitude has been more important nowadays. Can you explain the reasons?
    Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic;
    Why Is Keeping Optimistic So Important?
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答案 Why Is Keeping Optimistic So Important? Those who possess optimism are widely considered as someone who see the silver lining in every cloud; While someone pessimistic perceives life negatively. In this society of fierce competition, keeping optimistic is crucial because it endows people with the courage to greet challenges and innovation, and to maintain the right outlook and values. First, optimism often goes hand in hand with success with the explanation that when one adopts a positive thinking style, he is empowered to attempt new ideas and to achieve goals. Where there is a try, there is a hope, and thereby success is more likely to come. We can see that Thomas Edison is optimistic; if not, the light of hope in his heart could not illuminate the whole world. Alfred Nobel is optimistic; if not, the prestigious Nobel Prize would not have come into being. Furthermore, optimism can shape our outlook and expectations, which will determine how we feel, how we perform, and how well we will get along with others. Next, keeping an optimistic attitude can cure the diseases beyond the effects of medicine. We can see that Lance Armstrong is optimistic; if not, the devil of cancer would have devoured his life and the world would not see a 5-time winner of the Tour De France. "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times. " Whatever times we are in, keeping optimistic is a key to one’s bright future.
解析     本题属于给定观点性题目，要求考生探讨保持乐观心态的原因。根据题目要求，本文的论证重点应当在“为什么”，因此考生可以步步推进，通过分析保持乐观心态的必要性来解释和论证为何要保持乐观心态。考生应注意，在阐述为什么乐观重要时，单从理论方面论述，说服力不是很强，可以考虑事实举例论证，尽量避免论述内容空泛、抽象、流于形式。
    保持乐观心态的原因：
    1．保持乐观的心态可以促使人取得成功。名人能够取得成功，除了具备坚韧不拔的意志力和坚持不懈的努力之外，更重要的是摆正心态，保持积极乐观的态度；
    2．心态决定行为。积极乐观的态度决定我们的感受、行为和为人处世的态度；
    3．保持良好的心态可以缓解疾病。有时，疾病并不可怕，真正令人感到害怕的是无法面临病痛的心理，甚至有人会因为无关紧要的小病终日郁郁寡欢，最终酿成大病。
    如何保持乐观心态：
    遇到压力时要学会调整态度、转换心情；将他人的批判作为前进的动力，并及时进行自我反省；树立自己的目标和梦想，并付诸努力。
    范文首先提出保持乐观至关重要，然后从如何重要进行重点论述。文章主要进行举例论证，结合原因中的1、2、3展开。
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