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  3. You’re sitting at a restaurant waiting for a friend. Twenty minutes after your designated meeting time, they arrive in a flutter

You’re sitting at a restaurant waiting for a friend. Twenty minutes after your designated meeting time, they arrive in a flutter

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问题     You’re sitting at a restaurant waiting for a friend. Twenty minutes after your designated meeting time, they arrive in a flutter with a list of excuses. Perhaps there was too much traffic or a meeting ran long. You’ve heard it a million times, yet their behavior never changes. Sound familiar?
    " I think everyone has a person in their life that does this," said Herb Reich, author of the book 2051 Things That Really Piss Me Off. " Being late constantly, to me, means you are saying your time is more valuable than mine. "
    Reich said while it’s easier to forgive friends and family for their lateness, we need to establish very clear boundaries for being on time when it comes to professional relationships. " Sometimes I will establish consequences in the contract," he said, " It’s always wise to let people know what you feel about their behavior. "
    And while Reich said lateness is a "personality trait," psychologist Pamela Brand said the behavior is neurological(神经学的). "We call this a bio-psycho-socio pattern," Brand said.
    The biological cause of lateness, she said, is when the person’s organization and planning skills are underdeveloped. Socially, she said there can be learned behaviors or cultural communities that don’t focus on time or being prompt.
    "If someone wasn’t raised ever looking at a watch, and things were kind of loose growing up, just knowing this can help us understand why they function a certain way," she said.
    The psychological part of the pattern is when a person pardons or rationalizes their behavior with excuses, Brand said.
    So can people change their ways?
    "It’s my belief that all patterns can be changed if a person is conscious and wants it to be changed," Brand said. " There’s a book called You Are Not Your Brain that I refer to often that outlines a four-step process of changing patterns in the brain. It does a wonderful job of giving a clear explanation of how patterns develop, how they are hard wired into the brain and how to shift patterns to support neurological shifting.
    "This could take six months for a neurological change to stick," she said.
    To lend support for someone who is trying to be more punctual, Brand said it helps to raise the stakes.
    "A person is much less likely to be motivated if there are no consequences," Brand said. " If there is no threat to losing a relationship, losing a job or getting kicked out of school, things will stay the same. So if being late bothers you, you have to really make the contract clear. "
    Reich agrees. "Once, I was waiting for someone in my professional life, and after 15 minutes, I left," he said. " I explained why I did this, and that changed their behavior. My time is just as valuable as theirs and I don’t want to sit around. They weren’t late after that. "  
According to Herb Reich, ______.
选项 A、one’s behavior of being late with excuses will never change
B、those whose time is more valuable tend to be always late for appointment
C、it’s wise to state the consequences of lateness in a professional relationship
D、it’s unnecessary to blame friends and family for their lateness
答案C
解析 事实细节题。本题考查赫伯·里奇对迟到的看法。定位句指出，当涉及职业关系的时候，我们仍需要为守时建立约束。里奇说：“有时，我会把后果列在合同上。让别人知道你对他们行为的看法是明智的。”故答案为C)。A)“一个人迟到总是会有各种借口，这样的现象是不会改变的”，文章第一段只是提到朋友吃饭迟到时总有一大堆理由的情况，A)属于推断过度，故排除；B)“时间更宝贵的人在约会中更爱迟到”，这是里奇对爱迟到的人的一种讽刺，并不是一个事实，故排除；D)“因为迟到而责备朋友和家人是不必要的”，文章第三段只是提到赫伯·里奇认为我们更容易原谅亲朋好友的迟到行为，D)属于推断过度，故排除。
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