首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneo
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneo
admin
2015-09-30
31
问题
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneously all over the earth but, according to the current scientific consensus, first evolved in Africa, and from there spread far and wide. Even after mankind had populated most of the planet, migration continued to play a decisive role in history down the centuries, as people contended for territory and the resources that go with it. In many of history’s biggest movements of people, the migrants were not volunteers. In the 17th and 18th centuries, 15 million people were taken as slaves from Africa and shipped to Brazil, the Caribbean and North America. In the 19th century, between 10 and 40 million indentured workers (契约工人,苦力) were sent in vast numbers around the world, mainly from China and India.
The 20th century’s wars in Europe and Asia displaced millions more. But perhaps the most intense episode of migration-under-duress (强迫) in modern times occurred after the partition of India in 1947, when 7 million Muslims fled India for the new state of Pakistan and 7 million Hindus fled in the opposite direction.
As individuals, not merely as members of races or religions in flight, people have always traveled in search of a better life. Between the middle of the 19th century and the start of the second world war, 60 million people left Europe and move overseas to the United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Much of this movement was guided by economic calculation. Most modern migration is of this kind, though nowadays the pull is high wages rather than cheap land.
For the 19th century or so, the pattern of migration has shifted a good deal, with changes in government policy playing a key role. Until 1914 governments imposed almost no controls. This allowed the enormous 19th-century movement of migrants from Europe to North America.
Between 1914 and 1945, partly reflecting security concerns, migration was curtailed. Many countries excluded immigrants. America’s Congress passed laws aiming to preserve the country’s racial and religious make-up.
After 1945 came another great change. Many European countries faced labor shortages. Governments actively recruited immigrants for jobs in their expanding industries. Migration surged again, now not mainly from Europe to North America but from the developing countries to the rich ones.
The next big change came in the 1970s. The rich countries were no longer growing quickly and struggling with labor shortages. Recession came to Europe and America, and immigration rules were tightened again. This more restrictive regime continues to apply.
The great change in migration after 1945 was brought about by______.
选项
A、labor shortage in many European countries
B、cancellation of immigration laws in many countries
C、high unemployment rate in developing countries
D、better job opportunities in North American countries
答案
A
解析
细节题。倒数第二段,许多欧洲国家面临劳动力缺乏问题,所以移民再次增加,只不过这次移民是从发展中国家到富裕国家。所以A是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/4eWO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
Whilejobsinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM)professionsmaybeplentiful,manyteenagersareunwillingtopursu
WiththepopularuseoftheInternet,fewpeoplekeepintouchwithothersviahand-writtenletters.
A、Openinganaccount.B、UsingtheATM.C、Runningavideoplayer.D、Makingapurchase.B男士说:我如何使用它?女士说:你需要将卡推人机器。下一步,输入密码。男士说:我还需
TheInternethasmadesomemensorichandambitiousthatEarthnolongerseemslargeenoughtocontaintheirfortunesoregos.
DespitetheenormouscontributionofthemusicindustrytotheUKeconomyandthehugebenefitstochildren,thegovernmentrema
Accordingtoapoll,around70percentofAmericankidsstopplayingorganizedsportsbytheageof13because"it’sjustnotfu
Stockmarketcanbringafortunetopeople.However,itcanalsotakeawayeverythingfromyouovernight.Manyindividualsthink
She_____thatitwasatricktogetherinvolvedinthematter,forsheknewthemtoowell.
Theyalwayslayinalarge_____oftinnedfoodinwinterincasetheyaresnowedup.
ItseemslikeAmericansusecreditcardsforeverything.It’saloteasiertospendmoneythatyoudon’tsee,isn’tit?ManyAme
随机试题
用滚刀精铣蜗轮是一种啮合对滚过程,因此应使工件绕其轴线自由转动。()
甲向乙发生要约:购买黄豆5000吨,价格为1200元/吨,15日内承诺有效。在乙承诺前,甲又于发出要约后第10日发来传真,提出取消该要约。下列表述中正确的是()
A.右下腹痛伴腹腔内出血B.转移性右下腹痛伴板状腹C.触痛性腹部包块D.右下腹痛向会阴部放射E.右下腹压痛,其部位可随体位改变胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔可表现为
孕妇28岁,孕1产0,孕29周,骨盆测量:髂嵴间径26cm,髂前上棘间径25cm,骶耻外径18.5cm,坐骨结节间径9cm,骶岬不突,骶骨弧度中等,坐骨棘内突,坐骨切迹宽,耻骨弓角度100°。该孕妇骨盆属于下列哪种类型
A.糖皮质激素B.阿托品C.柳氮磺吡啶栓D.布桂嗪(强痛定)E.洛哌丁胺(易蒙停)克罗恩病患者排便次数过多时应选用
以下有关皮瓣的叙述中,哪项是错误的
A、膈下游离气体B、鹰嘴样阴影C、杯口状阴影D、肿瘤状阴影E、大小肠均胀气乙状结肠扭转的X线表现
库伯等人的“心理旋转”实验说明表象具有()。
聚类的典型应用不包括_______(1),______(2)是一个典型的聚类算法。(2)
BodyLanguageinBusinessI.ImportanceofBodyLanguage—Giveothersa(n)【T1】_____【T1】______—Showour【T2】_____【T2】______—F
最新回复
(
0
)