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  3. Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed

Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed

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问题     Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior.
Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member (1)______
of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harm
less football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and (2)______
he scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. (3)______
To understand how this transformation has taken place we must
briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a million (4)______
year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on (5)______
success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life,
even if their bodies, became radically changed. They became chasers, (6)______
runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey killers. They co-operate as (7)______
skillful male-group attackers.
    Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long (8)______
formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their
improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new (9)______
use — that of penning (把......关在圈中), controlling and domesticating
their prey. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs.
The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. (10)______
(4)
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