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  3. Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in

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问题     Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
    In general, these "short sleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(墨守成规的 ) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" to their friends and associates.
    When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
    The sleep patterns of the "short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic.
    The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the " short sleepers".
    Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted(内向的), inhibited(羞怯的) , passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves ( particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
Which of the following is NOT included in the passage?
选项 A、If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened.
B、The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients.
C、Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep.
D、Short sleepers would be better off with more rest.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据第四段“The sleep patterns of the‘short sleepers’were similar to，but less extreme than，sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic．”可知，选项B不符合原文表达。根据第三段第一句“When asked to recall their dreams，the‘short sleepers’did poorly．”可推知，选项A表述正确；根据第一段最后一句“These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness asbothersome…”以及第五段第三句“They seemed to enjoy their sleep…”可知，两种人对待睡眠的态度截然不同，故选项C表述正确；根据第四段可知，“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，由此可判断，“睡眠少的人”应该适当地多睡觉，因此选项D表述正确。故选B。
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