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  3. Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technolog

Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technolog

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问题     Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life.
    With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways.
    However, man’s changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet. Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.
    The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae (水藻)，fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.
    Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.
The purpose of the writer is______.
选项 A、to reduce modern technology
B、to improve man’s way of life
C、to warn people not to change the natural environment
D、to call attention to the protection of the natural environment
答案D
解析 本题是一道考查写作目的类问题。问作者写本文的目的是什么。利用浏览式阅读法通读全文内容，我们知道本文前两段简述了人类对自然的改造和这一活动的良好意愿。但是，正如第三、四段所指出的，事实在许多方面与人的主观意愿相反：人类在改变环境的同时也正在破坏生态的平衡。因此，在对全文做总结的最后一段作者指出：现在人类有必要限制一下技术的发展，以便使人类在地球上得以生存下去。这正是本文写作的目的。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“号召人们注意保护自然环境”。A“减少现代技术”。限制技术的发展不是目的，当然也不是作者写作本文的目的。B“改进人类的生活方式”。这是人类改变自己物质环境的目的。见文章第一句。C“警告人们不要改变自然环境”。这也不是作者所主张的。本文最后一段中的limit the growth of technology并非是不让技术发展，而是让它有限度地发展，某些技术——给环境带来较大破坏的技术——就不应该发展。相反，有利于人民生活又不会造成生态问题的技术作者肯定也是赞许的，只要用技术改造自然的目的是提高人民的生活水平。
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