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Can you spot whether someone is likely to try to take their own life? Now a blood test could help doctors identify those most at

admin2016-01-29  24
问题     Can you spot whether someone is likely to try to take their own life? Now a blood test could help doctors identify those most at risk. Chemicals in the blood may provide a much-needed clue. Alexander Niculescu of Indiana University in Indianapolis and his colleagues have developed a questionnaire and blood test that together predicted with 92 percent accuracy who among a group of 108 men receiving psychiatric treatment would develop suicidal feelings over the next year. Preliminary evidence suggests the test also works for women.
    Because only about 16 in every 100,000 people end their own lives, a test with such a level of accuracy will give many false positive and false negative results if used on the general population. But it could prove useful for people who are already having psychiatric care, especially those who are addicted to drugs, incarcerated or have a family history of suicide, all of which are known suicide risk factors.
    Although many factors like these are identified after a person kills himself, none are predictive. While 90 percent of people who kill themselves have been diagnosed with depression, only 2 percent of people with depression kill themselves.
    A test that can spot suicidal intentions without relying on self-disclosure would help doctors to start preventative measures, such as putting someone on suicide watch. This typically involves preventing someone from leaving hospital, confiscating potentially hazardous items and continually monitoring behavior. Research shows that suicide attempters can be dissuaded from trying again, so the test might tell who could benefit from receiving such intervention before they have even tried to take their life.
    To develop the test, over several years Niculescu’s team took blood samples from 217 men undergoing various psychiatric treatments. They compared changes in gene expression in 37 of them who developed suicidal feelings with previously published work and with post-mortem samples of 26 men who had killed themselves. They identified 11 gene changes that could be biological markers for spotting people who might be considering suicide, and they monitored these same markers in a test group of 265 men with psychiatric conditions.
    Niculescu’s test has already proved successful where it would be used most—in hospitals. There, people are at a higher risk of suicide than the general population. Niculescu and his team found the test was especially predictive for people with bipolar disorder, predicting with 98 percent accuracy which of them would develop suicidal thoughts, and with 94 percent accuracy who would make an attempt serious enough to require hospitalization. " It could be used as a screening instrument," says Niculescu. If somebody scored highly, they could be followed more closely, be hospitalised longer, their medications added or changed. "
Which of the following is the best title for this text?
选项 A、How to Help Someone with Suicidal Feelings
B、Common Signs of Someone with Suicidal Feelings
C、Why Are Some People More Likely to Commit Suicide
D、Blood Test Shows Gene Changes of Suicidal Behaviour
答案D
解析 主旨大意题。着眼全文，通篇都在围绕blood test展开，论述了blood test的作用、准确性、适用人群和原理。因此[D]选项是对原文的精确概括。[A]选项内容在文章中并未突出强调，并非全文主旨，可排除。[B]选项中的common signs在文中也并未有体现，可排除该选项。[C]选项虽在原文中有体现，但是与[D]项相比较，显然后者对原文的概括更加全面准确，因此[C]选项可排除。
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