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  3. Global life expectancy averages out to 71.4 years. That means, of course, that some parts of the world see much shorter life spa

Global life expectancy averages out to 71.4 years. That means, of course, that some parts of the world see much shorter life spa

admin2019-10-04  49
问题 Global life expectancy averages out to 71.4 years. That means, of course, that some parts of the world see much shorter life spans, while others enjoy far greater longevity. Five places, in particular, fall into the latter category. They’re known as Blue Zones—named for the blue circles researchers drew to identify the first one on a map—and they’re home to some of the oldest and healthiest people in the world. Dan Buettner, author of The Blue Zones and The Blue Zones Solution, told TIME why residents of these places live so long—and how you can steal their habits.
SARDINIA, ITALY
A largely plant-based diet, daily physical activity and familial closeness have given this Blue Zone the highest concentration of male centenarians in the world. (Sheep herders, who tend to walk at least five miles a day, and men with daughters, who may get especially tender care as they age, live even longer than most in this area.) It also doesn’t hurt that the M26 marker, a genetic variant linked to extreme longevity, has been passed down through generations in this secluded community.
OKINAWA, JAPAN
Many Blue Zones emphasize family and community, but bonding reaches its peak in this Japanese culture. Okinawans are supported by their moai, a small but tight-knit social circle meant to be there through all of life’ s ups and downs, which provides social support strong enough to dull mental stressors and reinforce shared healthy behaviors. The result? A culture that boasts the longest-living women in the world, with many surpassing 100.
NICOYA, COSTA RICA
Most Blue Zone residents avoid processed food, but Nicoyans take it to another level. The Costa Rican people traditionally get the majority of their caloric intake from beans, squash and corn, plus tropical fruits. This plant-forward, nutrient-dense diet—and plenty of time outdoors—makes for strong, well-nourished bodies. Meanwhile, a plan devida, or guiding life purpose, helps Nicoyans stay mentally and spiritually fulfilled to age 90 and beyond.
LOMA LINDA, CALIF., USA
The U.S. ’s only Blue Zone is a haven for the Seventh-day Adventist Church, a Protestant denomination. A shared set of principles, emphasis on community and adherence to the Sabbath—a day of rest, reflection and recharging—Many avoid meat and eat plenty of plants, whole grains and nuts help Loma Linda Adventists live 10 years longer than their fellow Americans.
IKARIA, GREECE
A fierce sense of island pride keeps Ikarians invested in their community. That, combined with late bedtimes offset by daily naps and a strict adherence to the Mediterranean diet—eating lots of fruits, vegetables, beans, whole grains, potatoes and olive oil—propels 1 in 3 Ikarians to live into their 90s, often free of dementia and chronic disease.
The underlined word "reinforce" is closest in meaning to_________.
选项 A、drop off
B、beef up
C、calm down
D、put up
答案B
解析 含义题。根据语境，可以通过前后关系推测出reinforce的具体含义。前句指出moai能够给社员提供足够强大的社会支持，帮助他们减轻精神压力，reinforce大家一起保持健康的习惯。通过前句意思可知，此处有“强化”或“加强”的意思。四个选项中只有B项beef up包含此意。A项drop off意为“减少，减弱”；C项calm down意为“平静，镇静”；D项put up意为“建造；张贴”，均不符合语境。故选B。
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