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  3. Man’s best friend is also his oldest. The partnership between dogs and people may go back as much as 40000 years—long predating

Man’s best friend is also his oldest. The partnership between dogs and people may go back as much as 40000 years—long predating

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问题     Man’s best friend is also his oldest. The partnership between dogs and people may go back as much as 40000 years—long predating (早于，先于) any other domestication. And it is based not, as is the case with many【C1】________domestications, on a human desire to eat the animal concerned, or to consume some【C2】________product such as milk or eggs, but rather on genuine companionship, albeit with a little work-and hunting-related【C3】________on the side.
    How this partnership got going, though, is debated. In particular, unlike other domestications, which【C4】________groups of people who had taken up farming, the domestication of the wolves that became dogs happened while all human beings were still hunter-gatherers. The two species were, in other words, competitors. Yet they managed to become soul mates.
    One popular theory is that the wolves which became dogs acted as rubbish-disposal agents for groups of people, by eating their waste. That, though, would be a service more useful to settled farmers than【C5】________hunter-gatherers. Maria Lahtinen of the Finnish Museum of Natural History thinks she might have the answer as to how wolves and people【C6】________the competitive circle while both species were still hunters.
    It was【C7】________a matter of surplus calories.
    The archaeological evidence suggests that wolves were domesticated in woodlands【C8】________the ice sheets of the last ice age, since that is where almost all Palaeolithic (旧石器时代) dog remains have been found. Dr. Lahtinen calculates that, given the large size of prey animals in this【C9】________, and humans’ need to eat a balanced diet with plenty of plant matter in it as well as flesh, there would have been a lot of【C10】________meat around from kills. What better way to use some of it than to feed a few wolf cubs to provide entertainment and companionship? And thus were dogs born.
    A) arranged      F) exploitation  K) simply
    B) associated    G) fringing      L) squared
    C) deterioration H) involved      M) subsequent
    D) enveloping    I) mobile        N) surplus
    E) environment   J) rarely        O) temporary
【C8】
选项
答案G
解析 动词辨析题。空格前是名词woodland，空格后是名词短语the ice sheets，且因句子有谓语动词，故可推断此处缺少一个动词，且为-ing形式，作名词woodland的后置定语，其逻辑宾语为the ice sheets。句中的in woodlands ________the ice sheets of the last ice age作地点状语，表明驯化发生的地方，根据语义可推断，这里是指狼是在冰原边上的林地被驯化的。备选动词中的fringing“在……的边缘”符合句意，故G为答案。
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