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  3. Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

admin2016-01-29  30
问题     Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on their phones, the more likely they are to be more depressed," says David Mohr, one of the authors of the study and director of the Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Northwestern researchers recruited 28 people ages 19 -58 from Craigslist and souped up their smartphones with location-and-usage monitoring software. At the start of the study, they took a standardized questionnaire that measures depressive symptoms; half of the subjects had symptoms of depression, and half did not. For two weeks, the phones tracked GPS location information every five minutes and pinged the users with questions about their mood several times a day. The phone data the researchers collected were rich; how many places the participants visited each day, how much time they spent in each of those places and how frequently they used their phones. The researchers then correlated this objective data with their depression test scores.
    What they hoped to find was a connection between the objective markers of behavior—such as where the people were and how often they changed locations—and their depression test results. Mohr and his team indeed found a strong correlation between these objective markers and depression. Phone data were even better than the daily questions the users answered to predict depression test results. "People who tend to spend more time in just one or two places—like people who stay at home or go to work and go back home—are more likely to have higher depression scores," says Mohr. When a person moved around was important, too; people who stuck to a regular pattern of movement tended to be less depressed, they found. " This fits into a larger body of clinical research showing that people with mental health problems in general, their circadian rhythms get thrown off," Mohr says. "Usually it’s looked at with sleep and activity, but here we’re seeing it also in terms of their movement through geographic space. " When people get depressed, he says, their mood may pull them off their routine.
    Depressed people, too, spent an average of 68 minutes using their phones each day, while people without depression only spent about 17 minutes on their phones. The software didn’t track what people did on their phones—just whether or not they were using it. But the authors have some ideas about why they saw phone activity rise with depression. " One of the things we see when people are depressed is that people tend to start avoiding tasks or things they have to do, particularly when they’re uncomfortable," Mohr explains. "Using the phone, going in and using an App, is kind of a distraction. "
    It’s preliminary research, but Mohr hopes to add to the number of smartphone sensors and use these to subtly help manage depression and spot it more quickly, without requiring any work on behalf of the user. " Being able to get people timely treatment for depression is a critical failure point in public health right now," Mohr says. An App that people download on their phones—without having to answer any questions—may help pinpoint their depressive states more effectively and help them get treatment.
The monitoring software installed on the phone is NOT used to______.
选项 A、figure up how many places the users have been to
B、record how long the users stay in one place
C、see what activities the users do in each place
D、track how often the users turn on their phones
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段，定位词为：monitoring software。倒数第二段第二句指出“研究人员收集到的手机数据极其丰富，包括：参与者每天去几个地方，在每个地方所待的时间，以及他们使用手机的频率”。由此可知，monitoring software“监控软件”并不提及手机用户在每个地方干了什么，而只是记录他们去了多少个地方，故[C]说法错误，正确答案是[C]。[A]说法正确，排除。另外，该软件记录到的数据可以显示使用者“在每个地方所待的时间，以及他们使用手机的频率”，故[B][D]说法均正确，故排除。
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