首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that " social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tin
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that " social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tin
admin
2021-01-06
16
问题
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that " social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influential, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the "two-step flow of communication" : Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those select people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.
In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required at all.
The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’ t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called "global cascades"—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.
选项
A、analyze the consequences of social epidemics.
B、discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas.
C、exemplify people’ s intuitive response to social epidemics.
D、describe the essential characteristics of influentials.
答案
B
解析
本题是目的细节题。文章开头的目的都是引入段落或者文章主旨的。本段主旨是:有个理论认为社会流行趋势是意见领袖驱动的。这就是意见领袖在传播思想上的功能。A项的consequences即“后果”是原文没有提到的新信息;C项中的intuitive和原文中的intuitively compelling仔细对比发现修饰内容根本不同,属于偷换概念选项;D项中的essential characteristics只是对原文中修饰influentials的非限定性定语从句内容的概括,并不是作者引出这本书的目的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/5N1Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theideathatmusicmakesyousmarterhasreceivedconsiderableattentionfromscholarsandthemedia.Currentinterestin【C1】__
Theideathatmusicmakesyousmarterhasreceivedconsiderableattentionfromscholarsandthemedia.Currentinterestin【C1】__
Onereasonhumanbeingscanthriveinallkindsofclimatesisthattheycancontrolthequalitiesoftheairintheenclosedsp
Onereasonhumanbeingscanthriveinallkindsofclimatesisthattheycancontrolthequalitiesoftheairintheenclosedsp
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlysco
In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica’sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades—b
In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica’sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades—b
随机试题
A、Bytakingahandgun.B、Byhiringabodyguard.C、Bybringinglargedogs.D、Bydisguisinghimselfasothers.C短文指出。为了防止被抢,讲话者在出诊
行政处罚实施机关应当依照法律、法规、规章的规定,建立并完善回避、公开、告知、()等程序制度;对重大或者复杂案件行使行政处罚裁量权,应当由行政处罚实施机关负责人集体讨论决定。
A.角色行为缺如B.角色行为冲突C.角色行为减退D.角色行为强化E.角色行为异常否认自己有病,不及时就医是患者的
重新评标的专家应从国家级专家库中重新随机抽取,国家级专家不足时,可由地方级专家库中补充,但国家级专家不得少于()。
当建设工程施工合同双方发生争议,需依法确定仲裁机构时,应实行( )。
小王在5年前观看了一部电影,观赏结束后发表的影评给予了该电影很高的评价。5年后,小王又观看了这部电影,评价却与5年前的评价完全相反。由此可以推知()。
在某次税务检查后,四个工商管理人员有如下结论:甲:所有个体户都没纳税。乙:服装个体户陈老板没纳税。丙:个体户不都没纳税。丁:有的个体户没纳税。如果四人中只有一人断定属实。则以下哪项是真的?
中国梦的本质是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。国家富强是指()
计算并填写下表:【5】
以下不能正确计算代数式sm2()值的C语言表达式是
最新回复
(
0
)