2. 考研
  3. For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and the Internet, the Earth’s

For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and the Internet, the Earth’s

admin2005-06-26  137
问题     For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and the Internet, the Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief, humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)
    But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What’s worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough.
    Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James. F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep," Jones says.
    Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto(座右铭)is ’Sleep defensivejy’," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elaner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.
According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by______.
选项 A、other diseases
B、pre-bedtime exercises
C、improper sleep patterns
D、chronic fatigue syndrome
答案C
解析 文章第四段中讲到：“Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns．”睡眠专家说。通过认真观察自己的睡眠模式，大多数人可以受益。可见，作者认为，许多睡眠紊乱症是由不恰当的睡眠模式导致的。所以C项正确。第三段讲到“睡眠紊乱症常常被诊断为其他病症”，所以A项不对；文章最后一段最后一句话讲到，睡前锻炼等习惯对睡H民有很好的效果，所以B项不对；第三段中讲到“在被转介给琼斯医生的那些可能患有慢性疲劳综合征的病人中，约1／3的人实际上患的是可治疗的睡眠紊乱症”，这两者之间并不是因果的关系，所以D项也不对。因此本题应该选C。
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