The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches—and it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to all, and is even dif

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问题 The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches—and it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquired—is to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. What wide reading teaches is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life. In the wider and longer view, I have come to believe, there is something deeply apolitical—something above politics—in literature, despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. If at the end of a long life of reading the chief message you bring away is that women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, then I’d say you just might have missed something crucial. Too bad, for there probably isn’t time to go back to re-read your lifetime’s allotment of five thousand or so books.

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答案 从文学视角来看,我们得到的最深刻的教训,是令理智屈从于情感。诚然,这个教训并不是每个人都能领悟到的,即使曾一时领悟,之后也很难铭记于心。广泛阅读教人懂得了生命的丰富多彩、错综复杂和神秘莫测。无论女权主义者、马克思主义者或是其他政治性文学评论家怎样认为,从更广阔和长远的角度来看,我认为文学中有些东西是与政治无关的,甚至超越了政治。如果读了一辈子的书,你得到的只是:女人总是把事情搞砸,资本主义腐朽不堪,或是我们必须首先关注受害者,等等之类的启示,那么我会说,你很可能没有领悟文学的实质。糟糕的是,人的一生大约能读5000本书,而你可能没有时间把它们重读一遍了。

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