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  3. Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can seriously undermine an individual’s health. Physical deterioration occurs. Large quan

Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can seriously undermine an individual’s health. Physical deterioration occurs. Large quan

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问题     Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can seriously undermine an individual’s health. Physical deterioration occurs. Large quantities of alcohol can directly damage body tissue and indirectly cause malnutrition. Nutritional deficiencies can result for several reasons. Alcohol contains empty calories, which have no significant nutritive value. When consumed in substantial amounts, alcohol curbs one’s appetite for more wholesome foods. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the proper digestion and absorption of food. Therefore, even the heavy drinker who does eat a well-balanced diet is deprived of me essential nutrients. Maintenance of a drinking habit can deplete economic resources otherwise available for buying good, wholesome food. Malnutrition itself further reduces the body’s ability to utilize the nutrients consumed. The result of damaged tissue and malnutrition can be brain injury, heart disease, diabetes, or cancer of the liver, and weakened muscle tissue. Untreated alcoholism can reduce one’s life span by ten to twelve years.
    Heavy alcohol consumption also affects the body’s usage of other drugs and medications. The dosages required by excessive drinkers may differ from those required by normal or non-drinkers. Serious consequences can be incurred unless the prescribing physician is aware of the patient’s drinking habits.
    Sudden death may result from excessive drinking. It might occur when the individual has ingested such a large amount of alcohol that the brain center controlling breathing and heart action is adversely affected, or when taking some other drugs, particularly sleep preparations along with alcohol. Death, as a result of excessive drinking, can come during an automobile accident since half of all fatal traffic accidents involve the use of alcohol. Many self-inflicted deaths, as well as homicides, involve the use of alcohol.
    It is important to remember that alcohol is a drug that is potentially addictive. Once the user is hooked on alcohol, withdrawal symptoms occur when it is not sufficiently available to body cells. At the onset of developing alcohol addiction, these symptoms may be relatively mild and include hand tremors, anxiety, nausea, and sweating. As dependency increases, so does the severity of the withdrawal syndrome and the need for medical assistance to cope with it.
    In 1956 the American Medical Association supported the growing acceptance of alcoholism as an illness, falling under the treatment jurisdiction of the medical profession. Since then, the medical resources for problems of acute and chronic intoxication have increased and improved.
选项 A、sensory words
B、convincing arguments
C、scientific facts
D、figures of speech
答案C
解析 推断题。题意为："为了论证他的主题，作者用了______"。通读全文，作者选是介绍饮酒会导致营养不良及其原因和危害，接着讲述酗酒的其他危险，使患者的用药量发生变化，猝死，上瘾等等。最后指出美国医学会将酗酒列为疾病的一种进行治疗，有较好的效果。由此可知作者利用了科学事实来论证主题。即答案选项正确。
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考研英语一

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