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  3. The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided

The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided

admin2010-03-19  107
问题      The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided into two major terrains: the maria (dark lowlands) and the terrace (bright highlands). The contrast in the reflectivity (the capability of reflecting light) of these two terrains suggested to many early observers that the two terrains might have different compositions, and this supposition was con firmed by missions to the Moon such as Surveyor and Apollo. One of the most obvious differences between the terrains is the smoothness of the maria in contrast to the roughness of the highlands. This roughness is mostly caused by the abundance of craters; the highlands are completely covered by large craters (greater than 4050km in diameter), while the craters of the maria tend to be much smaller. It is now known that the vast majority of the Moon’s craters were formed by the impact of solid bodies with the lunar surface.
     Most of the near side of the Moon was thoroughly mapped and studied from telescopic pictures years before the age of space exploration. Earth-based telescopes can resolve objects as small as a few hundred meters on the lunar surface. Close observation of craters, combined with the way the Moon diffusely reflects sunlight, led to the understanding that the Moon is covered by a surface layer, or regolith , that overlies the solid rock of the Moon. Telescopic images permitted the cataloging of a bewildering array of land forms. Craters were studied for clues to their origin; the large circular maria were mapper. Wispy marks on the surface (known as rays) emanating from certain craters were seen. Strange, sinuous features were observed in the maria. Although various land forms were catalogued, the majority of astronomers’ attention was fixed on craters and their origins.
     Astronomers have known for a fairly long time that the shape of craters changes as they increase in size. Small craters with diameters of less than lO-15km have relatively simple shapes. They have rim crests that are elevated above tile surrounding terrain, smooth, bowl-shaped interiors, and depths that are about one-fifth to one-sixth their diameters. The complexity of shape increases for larger craters.
According to the passage lunar researchers have focused mostly on ______.
选项 A、the possibility of finding water on the Moon
B、the lunar regolith
C、cataloging various land formations
D、craters and their origins
答案D
解析 细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句话"Although various land forms were catalogued，the majority of astronomers’attention was fixed on craters and their origins．”可知．“弹坑及其起源”是研究者主要关心的问题。
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