首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
专升本
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to"
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to"
admin
2015-08-19
32
问题
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to" rewards" : and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological " drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to" reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on "a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.
选项
A、are directly related to pleasure
B、will meet their physical needs
C、will bring them a feeling of success
D、will satisfy their curiosity
答案
C
解析
文章从第二段开始一直在解释即使没有物质奖励孩子也会学习。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6DYC777K
本试题收录于:
英语题库成考专升本分类
0
英语
成考专升本
相关试题推荐
Inordertolearnaforeinglanguagewell,itisnecessarytoovercomethefearofmaking【21】.Iftheprimarygoaloflanguageu
"WantedbytheFBI."Tothemurderer,orthebankrobber,thesearethemostfrighteningwordsintheworld.Whenthecriminal(
ArchimedeswasafamousGreekmathematicianandscientist.Hewasbornaround287BCandhediedintheyear212BC.Archime
Sometimeschildrenhavetrouble______factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.
Alltheusefulenergyatthesurfaceoftheearthcomesfromtheactivityofthesun.Thesunheatsandfeedscreaturesandmank
Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobebornwithagoodsenseofdirectionandeveniftheyhaveonlyvisitedaplaceonce,theywil
Notlongago,Ihadmyfirston-linechat.Ithoughtitwouldbe【56】because.Ihaveheardsomanypeople【57】itinthatway.But
ArecentstudyshowsthatmoreandmoreAmericansarechoosingtoworkathome.Thereareseveralreasonsforthechange.On
Therewasonethoughtthatairpollutionaffectedonlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesandheavyautomob
Theword"Okay"isknownandusedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.Still,languageexpertsdonotagreeonwhereitcam
随机试题
下列观点中,错误的是()
竞争性可逆抑制剂的抑制程度与下列哪种因素无关()。
治疗癫痫大发作时突然停药可能导致的严重后果是
A.流行性角结膜炎B.急性卡他性结膜炎C.春季结膜炎D.淋菌性结膜炎E.慢性卡他性结膜炎
病人义务不包括
可用于治疗外周神经痛的药物是
下列哪些是水银血压计的基本质量要求()。
编制人工定额时,为了提高编制效率,对于同类型产品规格多、工序重复、工作量小的施工过程,宜采用的编制方法是()。
城镇土地的基准地价是( )。
下列各项中,属于事业单位经营收入的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)