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  3. Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media-for those who have seen the future, the linking of computer, television and t

Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media-for those who have seen the future, the linking of computer, television and t

admin2010-07-14  27
问题     Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media-for those who have seen the future, the linking of computer, television and telephones will change our lives for ever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia (乌托邦) little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again.
    Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, ex-change and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made possibly by information technology allows the have to increase their control an global markets-with destructive impact on the have-nots.
    For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for expert are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As "futures" (期货) are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies. So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing coun-tries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves-so-called "development com-munications" modernization. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent con-straints on developing countries’ economies.
    Communications technology is generally exported from the U. S. , Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit-credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain.
    Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to ex-plait it for native development. This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it.
The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may ______.
选项 A、hinder their industrial production
B、cause them to lose control of their trade
C、force them to reduce their share of exports
D、cost them their economic independence
答案D
解析 根据第四段最后一句话，可知D项正确。A、C两项文中并未提到。第三段最后一句话这里的destinies正是指的一种自我把握的经济独立而非对商贸的控制。以前发展中国家就种这种控制，现在当然谈不上失去控制。
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