首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The earliest evidence of standardized testing based on merit comes from China during the Han dynasty. The concept of a state rul
The earliest evidence of standardized testing based on merit comes from China during the Han dynasty. The concept of a state rul
admin
2011-02-25
38
问题
The earliest evidence of standardized testing based on merit comes from China during the Han dynasty. The concept of a state ruled by men of ability and virtue was an outgrowth of Confucian philosophy. Standardized testing has not traditionally been a part of European pedagogy. Based on the skeptical and open-ended tradition of debate inherited from Ancient Greece, Western academia favored the essay. The use of standardized testing in the United States is a 20th century phenomenon with its origins in World War I.
One of the main advantages of standardized testing is that the results can be empirically documented ; therefore the test scores can be shown to have a relative degree of validity and reliability, as well as results which are generalizable and replicable. This is often contrasted with grades on a school transcript, which are assigned by individual teachers. Another advantage is aggregation. A well designed standardized test provides an assessment of an individual’s mastery of a domain of knowledge or skill which at some level of aggregation will provide useful information.
Though many educators recognize that standardized tests have a place in tools used to assess student achievement, critics feel that overuse and misuse of these tests is having serious negative consequences on teaching and learning. The temptation is to use the tests to define curriculum and focus instruction. What is not tested is not taught, and how the subject is tested becomes a model for how to teach the subject. Moreover, standardized test scores are problematic tools for school accountability because the examinee scores are influenced by three things: what kids learn in school, what kids learn outside of school, and innate intelligence. Critics believe this is not possible. While it is possible to use a standardized test and not let its limits control curriculum and instruction, this can result in a school putting itself at risk for producing lower test scores, with negative political consequences.
Some critics say that some children do not do well on standardized tests, despite mastery of the material, due to testing anxiety or lack of time management or test-taking skills. This reflects the fact that tests cannot directly measure student knowledge, only the ability of students to apply knowledge in a stressful situation.
Some parents are willing to pay thousands of dollars to prepare their children for tests, a financial barrier that may give children of more wealthy parents an advantage compared to less affluent families. However this criticism would probably apply even more to testing alternatives such as portfolios or essays. Many studies also show that test coaching has little effect on scores on well-buih tests. The ability of wealthy families to pay for higher-quality education is not specifically related to standardized testing.
Which one of the regions does NOT have a long history of standardized testing?
选项
A、China.
B、Europe.
C、United States.
D、Africa.
答案
B
解析
细节题;在原文的第一段我们可以看到相关信息,A选项在原文是作为“standardized testing”的起源来介绍的,当然有很长的历史,不符合题目的要求。C选项在原文中也作为很早就使用“standardized testing”的例子出现,不能选。D选项则是原文没有明确提到的,属于无关选项。而B选项所涉及的欧洲在原文中是这样表述的,“Standardized testing has not traditionally been a part of European pedagogy”,也就是说B选项是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6KZ4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theeffectsof"severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures"passedduringandafterthe1660’swerethattheyThep
To"adoptahandicap"thewriterchoseto______.Thewriterlisted_____problemsthatfrustratedhimduringtheservice.
(46)Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwell-adjustedchildreninmodemsoci
(46)Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwell-adjustedchildreninmodemsoci
Bywhatmeansdothechildrenoftheauthor’sfamilygotoschool?Theauthor’sattitudetowardhousewives’workis______.
Bywhatmeansdothechildrenoftheauthor’sfamilygotoschool?Ifahousewifewentonstrike,whichoneofthefollowingst
WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinrelationtoIQ?______Binetusedalargenumberofchildreninhistestsbecausehe
Astothepunishmentthatchildrenundersevenareassignedtowrongdoing,PiagetsuggestsItcanbeinferredthattheterm"pu
IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.@Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)_____
IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.@Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)_____
随机试题
脉冲氩弧焊与普通氩弧焊的区别是在________上。
促进胃液分泌的因素抑制胃液分泌的因素
港口与航道工程安全生产要求中,水上沉桩操作人员都必须做到“二戴一穿”,“二戴一穿”是指()、戴安全帽、穿救生衣。
衰减串扰比是双绞线的重要技术指标,有时也用()来表示。
国际重复征税产生的根本原因是()。
如果集团项目组认为对重要组成部分财务信息执行的工作、对集团层面控制和合并过程执行的工作以及在集团层面实施的分析程序还不能获取形成集团审计意见所依据的充分、适当的审计证据,集团项目组应当选择某些不重要的组成部分,并对已选择的组成部分财务信息亲自执行或由代表集
A.条件(1)充分,但条件(2)不充分。B.条件(2)充分,但条件(1)不充分。C.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分,但联合起来充分。D.条件(1)充分,条件(2)也充分。E.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分,联合起来也不充分。已知a,b是
因为f(x)在[0,1]上二阶可导,所以f(x)在[0,1]上连续且f(0)=f(1)=0,由闭区间上连续函数最值定理知,f(x)在[0,1]取到最小值且最小值在(0,1)内达到,即存在c∈(0,1),使得f(c)=-1,再由费马定理知f’(c)=0,根据
风险分析在软件项目开发中具有重要作用,包括风险识别、风险预测、风险评估和风险控制等。“建立风险条目检查表”是(18)时的活动,“描述风险的结果”是(19)时的活动。
对长度为n的线性表进行顺序查找,在最坏情况下所需要的比较次数为
最新回复
(
0
)