首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the ma
Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the ma
admin
2021-01-06
67
问题
Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) ’ ,
"Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here," wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.
Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past; less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.
From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus — On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, he championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.
Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explores. "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, of patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit," wrote Smiles, "what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself. " His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.
This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.
Not everyone was convinced by such bombast. "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles," wrote Marx and Engel in The Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles;"It is man, real, living man who does all that. "And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For: "Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past. "
This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson, and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.
选项
答案
G
解析
该题可定位于文章第四段第三行:By contrast,the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers,industrialists and explores.Samual Smiles描写了工程师、企业家和探险家有价值的生活。根据此句的提示,正确答案为G。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6N1Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ItisacknowledgedthatthemodernmusicalshowisAmerica’smostoriginalanddynamiccontributiontowardtheater.Inthelast
Theideathatmusicmakesyousmarterhasreceivedconsiderableattentionfromscholarsandthemedia.Currentinterestin【C1】__
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest"GlobalReportonHumanSettlements"saysasignificantchangetookp
Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.Whilepol
Bankershavebeenblamingthemselvesfortheirtroublesinpublic.Behindthescenes,theyhavebeentakingaimatsomeoneelse:
In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica’sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades—b
Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,Robert
随机试题
F股份有限公司为上市公司,2012年末简要财务报表如下:(1)简要资产负债表:(2)简要利润表:(3)F股份公司2012年年初流通在外的普通股股数2000万股,每股面值1元,2012年7月1日增发1000万股,每股面值1元;年末每股市价为16.5
古蔡法检查砷,所用的试纸是
某公司2008年4月6日签发一张支票,但是该公司在开户银行账户上的资金数额为30万元,支票确定的付款日是4月15日,该公司在开户银行账户上的资金数额为20万元。根据规定,该公司签发的这张支票金额不得超过()万元
(2011年)甲公司与乙公司订立货物买卖合同,约定出卖人甲公司将货物送至丙公司,经丙公司验收合格后,乙公司应付清货款。甲公司在送货前发现丙公司已濒于破产,遂未按时送货。根据合同法律制度的规定,下列各项中正确的是()。
根据《物权法》,未经批准,业主对专有部分不得作出的行为是()
下面属于情绪而不属于情感的是()。
怎样看待朋友越多越好?
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性。
Thepaintingwaslargerthanitappearedtobe,forhanginginadarkenedrecessofthechapel,itwas______bytheperspective
Completethesentencesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Ifyouwanttofindinformationinaspecificfie
最新回复
(
0
)