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  3. Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has

Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has

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问题     Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any had behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long term effects on the development of the. personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood companions. Ms Harris takes to bits the assumption which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.
    Ms Harris’s attack on the developmentalists’"nurture" argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?
    Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer group in childhood and adolescence. Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for.  Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxedly, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.
    Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms Harris argues, he keen to appear like their contemporaries. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood.  Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and people% child-rearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.
The author’s main purpose in writing .this passage is ___________.
选项 A、to critically comment on Ms Harris’s work
B、to objectively report on Ms Harris’s work
C、to highly praise Ms Harris’s work
D、to totally reject Ms Harris’s work
答案A
解析 主旨大意题。结合题干和选项可以看出，此题考查的是作者对Ms Harris’s work持有一种什么样的态度。作者在第一段给出了Ms Harris的观点；第二段是说本来developmentalists的观点就存在着令人费解的地方，Ms Harris的反驳更让人疑惑了；第三段说明了加深疑惑的原因是，监测家长对孩子的影响本来就很难，而衡量同龄人对孩子的影响却更难--作者在此提出了Ms Harris观点的不足；第四段是说，父母对孩子的影响不容忽视--这是Ms Harris观点的另一个不足。而文章并没有说Ms Harris的理论是错误的，而且作者在第四段第二句用了一个may表示了自己对Ms Harris理论的正确与否也是不确定的。因此，选项A为作者的主旨。
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