2. 外语
  3. "To see the object as in itself it really is," has been justly said to be the aim of all true criticism what ever; and in aesthe

"To see the object as in itself it really is," has been justly said to be the aim of all true criticism what ever; and in aesthe

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问题    "To see the object as in itself it really is," has been justly said to be the aim of all true criticism what ever; and in aesthetic criticism the first step towards seeing one’s object as it really is, is to know one’s own impression as it really is. to discriminate it, to realize it distinctly. The objects with which aesthetic criticism deals--music, poetry, artistic and accomplished forms of human life--are indeed receptacles of so many powers or forces: they possess like the products of nature, so many virtues or qualities.
   What is this song or picture, this engaging personality presented in life or in a book, to me? What effect does it really produce on me? Does it give me pleasure? And if so, what sort or degree of pleasure? How is my nature modified by its presence, and under its influence?
   The answers to these questions are the original facts with which the aesthetic critic has to dm and ,as in the study of light, of morals, of number, one must realize such primary data for one’s self, or not at all.
   And he who experiences these impressions strongly, and drives directly at the discrimination and analysis of them, has no need to trouble himself with the abstract question what beauty is in itself, or what its exact relation to truth or experience  metaphysical questions, as unprofitable as metaphysical questions elsewhere.
   He may pass them all by as being, answerable or not, of no interest to him.
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答案 这么一首歌曲，这么一幅图画，生活中或书本上山现的这么一个引人喜爱的人物，对我自己来说究竟意味着什么呢?它究竟在我身上产生了什么样的影响?它是否给我带来了乐趣?如果是，那么，这乐趣又是哪—种的呢，是何等程度的呢?另外，由于它的出现，并在它影响下，我自己的性情又受到了怎样的陶冶? 而这些问题的答案便是审美批评家所要讨论的根本；而且正像对于光、对于伦理、对于数字的研究那样，我们首先必须了解上述那些原始材料，否则，就等于什么也不了解。 一个人只要对此有着强烈的感受，并且直截了当地对它们加以辨别和分析，就不必再为了“什么是美”或者“它与真理或经验的确切关系如何”这一类抽象的问题而去费神——因为，这些形而上学的问题，如同其他的形而上学问题一样，都是不实际的。 对它们答复与否无关宏旨，可以统统放过不管。
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