首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Several recent studies have focused on how people think about ethics in a non-native language—as might take place, for example,
Several recent studies have focused on how people think about ethics in a non-native language—as might take place, for example,
admin
2023-02-22
83
问题
Several recent studies have focused on how people think about ethics in a non-native language—as might take place, for example, among a group of delegates at the United Nations using a lingua franca to hash out a resolution. The findings suggest that when people are confronted with moral dilemmas, they do indeed respond differently when considering them in a foreign language than when using their native tongue.
Why does it matter whether we judge morality in our native language or a foreign one? According to one explanation, such judgments involve two separate and competing modes of thinking—one of these, a quick, gut-level "feeling," and the other, careful deliberation about the greatest good for the greatest number.【B6】____________This may seem paradoxical, but is in line with findings that reading math problems in a hard-to-read font makes people less likely to make careless mistakes.
【B7】___________________
As a result, moral judgments made in a foreign language are less laden with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood.
There’s strong evidence that memory intertwines a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned. For example, people who are bilingual are more likely to recall an experience if prompted in the language in which that event occurred. Our childhood languages, learned in the throes of passionate emotion—whose childhood, after all, is not streaked through with an abundance of love, rage, wonder, and punishment?—become infused with deep feeling.【B8】______________
If language can serve as a container for potent memories of our earliest transgressions and punishments, then it is not surprising that such emotional associations might color moral judgments made in our native language.
The balance is tipped even further toward this explanation by a recent study published in the journal Cognition. This new research involved scenarios in which good intentions led to bad outcomes (someone gives a homeless person a new jacket, only to have the poor man beat up by others who believe he has stolen it) or good outcomes occurred despite dubious motives (a couple adopts a disabled child to receive money from the state).【B9】_________
These results clash with the notion that using a foreign language makes people think more deeply, because other research has shown that careful reflection makes people think more about the intentions that underlie people’s actions rather than less.
But the results do mesh with the idea that when using a foreign language, muted emotional responses—less sympathy for those with noble intentions, less outrage for those with nefarious motives— diminished the impact of intentions.【B10】______________
[A] By comparison, languages acquired late in life, especially if they are learned through restrained interactions in the classroom or blandly delivered over computer screens and headphones, enter our minds bleached of the emotionality that is present for their native speakers.
[B] Along with these differences, our moral compass also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language we are using at the time.
[C] When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode simply because the effort of operating in our non-native language cues our cognitive system to prepare for strenuous activity.
[D] This explanation is bolstered by findings that patients with brain damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, an area that is involved in emotional responding, showed a similar pattern of responses, with outcomes privileged over intentions.
[E] Reading these in a foreign language rather than a native language led participants to place greater weight on outcomes and less weight on intentions in making moral judgments.
[F] The research illuminates what is true for all of us, regardless of how many languages we speak: that our moral compass is a combination of the earliest forces that have shaped us and the ways in which we escape them.
[G] An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages vibrate with greater emotional intensity than do those learned in more academic settings.
【B9】
选项
答案
E
解析
第六段引入一项研究作为论证。空格前讲该研究提供的两种情景(scenarios),空格后的These results应指该研究的结果。由于空格前并没有提到研究结果的内容,故推断空格处应为该项研究的结果;而且由clash with…可知.该结果会与“使用外语让人更深入地思考”这个notion相矛盾。又空格前后均谈到与人们行为的目的和结果相关的内容(outcomes和intentions多次出现),因此空格处的内容也应该与之紧密相关,各选项中提到相关内容的只有E。E说的“用外语来阅读使得受试对象更关注结果而非目的”与空格后提到的notion相矛盾,与clash with这一说法相符。再者,E中的these也能在空格前找到所指。即两个scenarios。故本题选E。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6aMD777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Overthecourseofmanyyears,withoutmakinganygreatfussaboutit,theauthoritiesinNewYorkdisabledmostofthecontrol
Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith—orevenlookingat—astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyone
Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave【C1】________thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomedi
Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsugge
Couldyoursmartphonepreventacarfromhittingyou?GeneralMotorsandotherresearchersthinkthat’sapossibility【C1】_______
Couldyoursmartphonepreventacarfromhittingyou?GeneralMotorsandotherresearchersthinkthat’sapossibility【C1】_______
Thenewsaboutvitaminskeepsgettingworse.Manystudiespublishedinthelastfewyearsshowsthatavarietyofpopularsupple
随机试题
下列对左旋多巴的叙述,不正确的是
不能清洁牙齿邻面菌斑的用具是
区别血红蛋白尿与血尿的主要方法是
除商标权人甲以外的其他单位和个人可以请求商标评审委员会裁定撤销甲注册商标的情形是:
已知某变压器的额定容量为1250kV.A,计算负荷为1000kV.A;变压器的空载有功损耗2kW,满载有功损耗12kW;变压器的空载电流百分数I0%=0.6,阻抗电压百分数μk%=4.5。变压器的满载无功功率损耗为多少?()
三相异步电动机降压起动与直接接额定电压起动相比,降压起动()。
一个合同被法院确认为可撤销合同。甲、乙双方约定的违约金为4万元,合同履行阶段双方各受到了2万元的经济损失。法院判定双方都有过错,但甲方是主要过错方,应承担75%的过错责任。则损失的承担应为()。
富华公司因资金周转困难,2011年1月2日,从建设银行取得一笔为期6个月的临时借款2000000元,年利率为6%,款收到,存入银行。由于利息金额较大,决定按月预提利息。2011年7月2日,借款到期支付本息。要求:根据以上资料。回答下列问题。
在国家财政资金的筹集、供应过程中,对财政活动和相关的业务进行检查和督促活动是指()。
根据个人所得税法律制度的规定,下列收入中,应按“劳务报酬所得”税目缴纳个人所得税的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)