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  3. A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

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问题      A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that lend to encourage or discourage money spending.
     If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes or declining incomes—he would probable answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947～1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices, "In a few months," she said, "we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that bas already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high."
     The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.
According to the passage, which of the following statements is always true?
选项 A、people with rising incomes tend to borrow most.
B、people will resist to purchase things when price increases.
C、people with declining incomes tend to borrow most.
D、rising prices may make people put off their purchase of certain things.
答案D
解析 细节判断题。由第二段第一句“如果一个经济学家被问到收入上涨、收入稳定、收入下降的三类人中，那一类借钱最多，他会回答：收入下降的人”和第三段第二句“然而同时在英国进行的调查产生了与传统的储蓄开销模式假设相一致的结果”，可推出A项“收入上涨的人借钱最多(people with rising incomes tend to borrow most)是不全面的。由第二段第二句所说的在美国进行的关于谁借钱最多的调查情况：实际上，1947～1950年间，答案是收入上涨的人(Actually，in the yearsl
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