2. 外语
  3. A. ample B. combinations C. directly D. disseminated E. generations F. genuinely G. instead H. lists

A. ample B. combinations C. directly D. disseminated E. generations F. genuinely G. instead H. lists

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问题     A. ample     B. combinations C. directly      D. disseminated  E. generations
    F. genuinely G. instead      H. lists         I. promulgated   J. publicized
    K. scant     L. shaped       M. sophisticated N. transplanted  O. virtual
    Imagine a world without writing. Obviously there would be no books: no novels, no encyclopedias, no cookbooks, no textbooks, no telephone books, no scriptures, no diaries, no travel guides. There would be no ball-points, no typewriters, no computers, no Internet, no magazines, no movie credits, no shopping lists, no newspapers, no tax returns. But such【C1】________of objects almost miss the point. The world we live in has been indelibly marked by the written word, 【C2】________by the technology of writing over thousands of years. Ancient kings proclaimed their authority and【C3】________their laws in writing.
    Scribes administered great empires by writing, their knowledge of recording and retrieving information essential to governing complex societies. Religious traditions were passed on through【C4】________, and spread to others, in writing. Scientific and technological progress was achieved and【C5】________through writing. Accounts in trade and commerce could be kept because of writing. Nearly every step of civilization has been mediated through writing. A world without writing would bear【C6】________resemblance to the one we now live in. Writing is a【C7】________necessity to the societies anthropologists call civilizations.
    A civilization is distinguished from other societies by the complexity of its social organization, by its construction of cities and large public buildings, and by the economic specialization of its members, many of whom are not【C8】________involved in food procurement or production. A civilization, with its taxation and tribute systems, its trade and its public works, requires a【C9】________system of record keeping. And so the early civilizations of Egypt, China, and (probably) India all developed a system of writing. Only the Peruvian civilization of the Incas and their predecessors did not use writing but【C10】________invented a system of keeping records on knotted color-coded strings known as quipu.
【C10】
选项
答案G
解析 空格前表示转折的连词but连接两个并列结构。由空格后面的动词过去式invented可知，but连接的是并列谓语，第二个并列谓语是完整的动宾结构，因此空格处应填入副词。结合前半句句意“只有秘鲁印加文明及其祖先没有使用文字”和转折连词but可以判断，备选副词中的instead“相反，而”符合句意，这里指秘鲁印加文明及其祖先反而自己发明了一套保存记录的系统，故G为答案。
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