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  3. Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

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问题     Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be.
    Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】______of hunger on general health,【C2】______children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】______only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】______the short-term impact of hunger【C5】______a period of time.
    In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2i-times more likely to have【C6】______overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】______food. "Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】______children’s life chances," says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI.
    The study supports earlier findings that【C9】______episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick’s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】______other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income.
    【C11】______one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child’s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】______to do without food in 2008: 15% of American families reported some【C13】______in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】______from 11% the previous year.
    15 this study did not probe into the【C16】______mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】______that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】______of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】______and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】______to youngsters as well.
【C20】
选项 A、visible
B、aggressive
C、harmful
D、significant
答案C
解析 根据上半句Aside from the obvious negative impact(除了明显的负面影响)以及not being able to afford．．．(无法提供……)可知，此处应填入具有贬义色彩的单词。故选C项harmful“有害的”。
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