首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Ind
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Ind
admin
2015-05-29
68
问题
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human", with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely.But a study by Sarach Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily.Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan’s and Dr.de Waal’s study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (are much preferable to cucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species.Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems for the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
选项
A、Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B、Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C、Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D、Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
答案
B
解析
根据文章的最后一段可知,研究人员指出,僧帽猴与人类一样,也受社会性情感的支配。在野外,它们是协作、群居的物种。只有在每个动物都觉得它没有受到欺骗时,这种协作才有可能稳定。看起来,正当的愤怒感并非人类所特有的。完全拒绝较小的奖励使得群体的其他成员非常清楚这些情感。然而,这种公平意识究竟是僧帽猴和人类自身独立演化形成的,还是源于他们共同祖先,至今仍是一个有待回答的问题。据此可知,现在还不清楚人类和猴子的愤怒感源于什么因素。B项与文章的意思相符。因此B项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7YLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Computersarepermeatingalmosteveryaspectofourlives,includingmanyareaspreviouslyuntouchedbytechnology.1.Butunlik
Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousd
Americansarehighly______,andthereforemayfinditdifficulttobecomedeeplyinvolvedwithothers.
SystemsofdivinationinRomeandAthensdifferednolessthanreligions,andthedifferenceslayinthesamedirection.Romand
Youmusttryyourbestto______tothenewenvironment.
46.Theonrushofcheapcommunications,powerfulcomputersandtheInternetallexplainwhymanypeoplefeelthat,nowadays,cha
Youmighthavetogobacktotheinitialepochprintingpresstofindapublishingtechnologyasdisruptive.Theinternetcanre
Itisapleasuretoseemenofacertainageworryingabouttheirweight.Listeningtothemisnotsuchapleasure.Becausethe
我们也不应该忘记,广告给我们的钱袋做出了积极的贡献。没有这笔收入来源,报纸、商业电台和电视公司就不能生存。我们花很少的钱就能够买到一份日报,或者能够欣赏如此众多的广播节目,完全是由于广告商付了这部分钱。想想看,要是让你付全价,报纸会有多贵!
随机试题
A.纯化水B.灭菌蒸馏水C.注射用水D.灭菌注射用水E.制药用水主要用于注射用灭菌粉末的溶剂或注射液的稀释剂
某三甲医院整形外科主任张医生接诊了一位23岁的男性患者,主诉“希望进行变性手术”,通过询问病史得知该患者自幼就感觉自己并不是一个男孩子,认为自己的生殖器非常丑陋,幻想自己成为一个女孩子,成年后会服用雌激素抑制自己的男性性征,曾在心理咨询机构接受了3年的心理
设二次型f(x1,x2,x3)=x12+2x1x2+2x22-2x2x3+x32.求二次型f(x1,x2,x3)的规范形.
以较小的力量获得较大效果的现象称为()
国际商事协会和甲、乙、丙三国签订了一份贸易合同,后各方发生争议,拟向国际法院提起诉讼,其中甲国是联合国会员国,乙国不是联合国会员国,但为《国际法院规约》当事国,丙国既非联合国会员国,也非《国际法院规约》当事国,但曾经向国际法院书记处交存一份声明,表示愿意接
采用S形曲线比较法进行实际进度与计划进度比较时,可以明显地看出( )。
根据规定,以募集方式设立股份有限公司的,发起人认购的股份不得少于公司股份总数的()。
下列有关无形资产会计处理的表述中,正确的有()。
关于MMPI,下列说法正确的包括()
根据汉字国标码GB2312-80的规定,1KB存储容量可以存储汉字的内码个数是()。
最新回复
(
0
)