首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Ind
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Ind
admin
2015-05-29
25
问题
Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human", with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely.But a study by Sarach Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily.Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan’s and Dr.de Waal’s study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (are much preferable to cucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species.Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems for the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
选项
A、Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B、Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C、Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D、Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
答案
B
解析
根据文章的最后一段可知,研究人员指出,僧帽猴与人类一样,也受社会性情感的支配。在野外,它们是协作、群居的物种。只有在每个动物都觉得它没有受到欺骗时,这种协作才有可能稳定。看起来,正当的愤怒感并非人类所特有的。完全拒绝较小的奖励使得群体的其他成员非常清楚这些情感。然而,这种公平意识究竟是僧帽猴和人类自身独立演化形成的,还是源于他们共同祖先,至今仍是一个有待回答的问题。据此可知,现在还不清楚人类和猴子的愤怒感源于什么因素。B项与文章的意思相符。因此B项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7YLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Computersarepermeatingalmosteveryaspectofourlives,includingmanyareaspreviouslyuntouchedbytechnology.1.Butunlik
Theamazingsuccessofhumansasa【1】istheresultoftheevolutionarydevelopmentofourbrainswhichhasled,amongotherthin
SystemsofdivinationinRomeandAthensdifferednolessthanreligions,andthedifferenceslayinthesamedirection.Romand
Inapurelybiologicalsense,fearbeginswiththebody’ssystemforreactingtothingsthatcanharmus—theso-calledfight-o
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisition(学会)ofeachnewskill,thefirstspokenwords,the
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisition(学会)ofeachnewskill,thefirstspokenwords,the
Thepartyleaderjustifiedhissubsequentre-election______thathehadbroughtpoliticalstabilityandeconomicdevelopmenttoh
没有农业,人们就不能生存,社会生产就不能继续下去,因此,农业作为国民经济的基础必须得到足够重视。
WeissaidtheinstituteisworkingtogetherwiththeAmericanGeologicalInstituteandtheNationalAssociationofBiologyTeach
Tight-lippedeldersusedtosay,"It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget."Psychologyteachesthatyoudogetwh
随机试题
A.7%B.8%C.9%D.10%E.11%《医院感染管理规范》中规定,小于100张病床的医院的医院感染发病率应低于()
A.因时制宜B.因地制宜C.因人制宜D.未病先防E.标本先后根据不同地区的地理特点来考虑用药的原则是
腹胀,按之如囊裹水,下肢水肿,神困,怯寒懒动,尿少便溏,苔白腻,脉缓,宜选用
由于甲对乙的委托书授权不明确,给丙造成了一定的经济损失。根据我国法律有关代理的规定,丙的损失应当由()承担。
甲企业与某研究中心签订合同,委托该研究中心就一项技术进行技术可行性论证,双方签订的合同属于()。
按照行政组织的类型,西安市高新区管委会属于()。
某妇杨某与王某有不正当男女关系,被其夫陈某发现后,杨某与王某合力杀死陈某,并放火烧了房子,谎报其夫被火烧死,公安人员赶到现场发现了王某的脚印。按照证据分类,王某脚印属于()。
建设社会主义先进文化,对传统文化必须批判地继承。这种态度依据的哲学道理是具体问题具体分析的原理。()
面向对象方法有许多特征,如软件系统是由对象组成的;(23);对象彼此间仅能通过传递消息互相联系;层次结构的继承。
GreatDepressionI.ThedefinitionofgreatdepressionA.definition:a【T1】________depressionB.place:America,triggeredb
最新回复
(
0
)