首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the vi
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the vi
admin
2014-06-20
35
问题
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the visions of architects, there would be neighborhood parks, tree-lined streets and low-density housing free from the pollution and social problems of the cities. As the top map of the New York City metropolitan area shows, commuter suburbs had sprung up near the railway lines on Long Island and Westchester County by 1930, but further expansion was fueled in large part by the automobile. Eventually it was apparent that much of suburbia was not delivering on the early promise.
The extraordinary growth of car ownership in 20th-century America was made possible by abundant domestic oil, the world’s largest highway system, and low taxes on vehicles and gasoline.
But suburban growth would not have been nearly as great were it not for government policies that penalized cities and rewarded suburbs. For instance, federal mortgage insurance programs tended to promote new housing on outlying land rather than repair of existing city housing and, furthermore, excluded racially mixed neighborhoods that were deemed unstable. American communities have far fewer impediments to expansion than European ones: London, for instance, restricted sprawl by establishing greenbelts on its periphery.
Tax deductions for mortgage interest in the U. S. have been larger than those of most other countries. Furthermore, suburban jurisdictions in the U. S. have far greater zoning powers than their foreign counterparts and use this power to reinforce low-density housing by requiring large lots, thus increasing the number of affluent taxpayers and reducing the need to supply services to needy families. Arguably, the most important stimulus to "white flight" out of the city was fear of crime, particularly crime by blacks—a fear reinforced by the social pathologies of public housing, where blacks and other minorities predominate. Such apprehension helps to explain why revitaliza-tion projects and improved mass-transit systems have failed to lure the middle class back to the city in large numbers.
Suburban expansion may conjure up images of aesthetic degradation and cultural sterility, but it has provided better housing for millions. In the process of suburbanization, low-income city families have also benefited because of the housing stock that became available as the middle class fled. By spreading out, U. S. cities avoided the sometimes oppressive densities of Japanese and European cities. Indeed, so great is the compactness in Tokyo that Japanese officials see deconcentration as a high priority. Overall, however, the suburban push financially hurt cities, which saw their tax bases shrink. They were disproportionately affected by unfunded federal mandates and thus hindered in efforts to provide quality schools and reliable municipal services. Indeed, New York City’s fiscal problems in the 1970s followed, and were worsened by the middle-class flight into the suburbs. The outflow, rather than population growth, drove rapid suburban spread.
Which of the following is NOT the cause for the emergence of suburbia?
选项
A、Residents’ dislike of poverty.
B、Density of the cities.
C、Influence of architects.
D、Social problems in cities.
答案
C
解析
推断题。题目问的是“哪一个不是郊区出现的原因?”。由文章第一段第一句“suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsionto the poverty and crowding of the cities”可知:郊区生活是一个由对贫穷和城市拥挤的厌恶而引起的梦想,这与A和B项内容相符;此外,由第一段第二句“there would be neighborhood…freefrom the pollution and social problems of the cities”可知:这里会有社区公园,绿树成荫的街道和远离污染和城市社会问题的低密度住宅,这与D项内容相符。故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7fXd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Migratorybirdsflyinformationto______.Whydoechelonleaderschangesometimes?
Dr.WilsonandMr.Wanghavemetbefore.
ProfessorWangwentonalecturetourtoEdinburgh.
ProfessorWangwentonalecturetourtoEdinburgh.
Answerquestionsbyreferringtothecommentson3differenttypesofmusicinthefollowingmagazinearticle.A=Country&F
Thereisadifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology.Scienceisamethodofansweringtheoretical(31);technologyisamethod
Thereisadifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology.Scienceisamethodofansweringtheoretical(31);technologyisamethod
InpartsofBrazil’spoornortheast,snakesandparrotsareonsalebytheroadsideforafewreais.InBrazil,aselsewherein
InpartsofBrazil’spoornortheast,snakesandparrotsareonsalebytheroadsideforafewreais.InBrazil,aselsewherein
InpartsofBrazil’spoornortheast,snakesandparrotsareonsalebytheroadsideforafewreais.InBrazil,aselsewherein
随机试题
(2019年)福明公司为A股上市公司。2018年1月25日,福明公司实际控制人、董事长李某根据公司2017年度业绩情况,向董事会秘书赵某提出在当期实施股票“高送转”的利润分配动议。赵某起草了《高送转预期利润分配预案》等文件提交董事会审议,但由于董事会对具体
A.组织学检查B.快速尿素酶试验C.幽门螺杆菌培养D.14C尿素呼气试验幽门螺杆菌侵入性检查的首选方法是
1型糖尿病的自身免疫标志不包括
患者,男性,63岁。前列腺增生多年,逐年加重,拟手术治疗,昨日入院。今日为患者测得残余尿60ml。正常的残余尿量是
分部工程验收具体为()。
某业主与W工程公司依据FIDIC条款格式,订立了某工程的施工合同。合同规定:采用单价合同,因设计变更而发生的工程量变化,按实际调整;同时视具体情况,业主与承包商商谈变更后的单价,合同工期为18天,工期每提前1天罚款4000元。W工程在开工以前及时提交了施
在Word表格中,A3:C6与C3:A6表示的是同一区域。()
按击快捷键“Ctrl+F4”,能够只关闭当前文件,其他处于打开状态的Excel文件仍处于打开状态。()
以下被称为经济指标法,且反映国家政策和宏观经济对本企业预测项目的要求的定性预测法是()。
法律应尊重并保障媒体的监督权利。但作为媒体,必须依法行使监督权。在监督过程中出现失误或者过错,甚至给被监督对象造成损失,则必须勇于承担责任。这段文字的主旨是:
最新回复
(
0
)